Cov kev hloov luam ntawv hauv lub sijhawm ntawm "Western Learning"
Peb yog ib lub lag luam loj hauv Shenzhen Tuam Tshoj. Peb muaj cov phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam ntawv, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, lub thawv ntim, daim qhia ntawv, txhua yam ntawm PVC, cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv sau cia, hom tshwj xeeb ntawv xim luam tawm khoom, kev ua si cardand li ntawd.
Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tuaj xyuas
http://www.joyful-printing.com. HMOOV nkaus xwb
http://www.joyful-printing.net
http://www.joyful-printing.org
email: info@joyful-printing.net
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb, kev loj hlob thiab kev hloov ntawm cov luam ntawv tau tawm tsam ntau pua xyoo. Lub tswv yim ntawm "sai dua qhov zoo ntawm lub hauv paus" yog los txiav txim siab ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog niaj hnub no thiab qhov tseeb ntawm keeb kwm maj mam khiav deb.
Ob qho tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm txog cov huab cua nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm luam ntawv. Ib qho yog Xin Deyong's "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Sij Luam Tawm Txwv Suab Luag". Raws li cov ntawv nyeem ntawm phau ntawv, Suav luam tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Tang Dynasty. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub Tang Dynasty mus rau lub tsib Dynasties, luam ntawv nkag los ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb los ntawm ntiav sector. Phau ntawv no thim qhov tswv yim nrov uas ua ntej Qing Dynasty, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm Ming Dynasty, muaj ib hom qauv luam tawm tooj liab. Thiab Xin Deyong xav tias nws tsis tau tshwm los, tsuas yog muab cov av nplaum, ntoo hom lossis hom xovtooj ntawm daim ntawv coated. Nyob rau hauv lub Qing Dynasty, vim hais tias ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm ntoo noo noo, thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm casting, tus nqi yog tsawg, Tuam Tshoj yog tsuas yog raws li ntoo printing.
Xin Deyong tau taw qhia tias Tuam Tshoj tsis tsim tooj liab hom hom luam. "Qhov kev pom no, ntau tus Suav tej zaum yuav tsis kam lees txais", tab sis tsuas yog ua li no peb thiaj li to taub qhov kev xav ntawm Western luam tawm rau Suav teb nyob rau niaj hnub no, thiab tib lub sijhawm Totally Understand tias "Tuam Tshoj txoj kev hloov ntawm 'traditional book industry' rau 'niaj hnub publishing' muaj ntau yam kev hloov hauv phau ntawv kab lis kev cai, uas ua rau cov kev hloov tshiab uas txawv ntawm cov qub publishing hauv kev luam thiab kev sib tw.
Lwm phau ntawv, "Tsim Tsab Ntawv Sau: Lub Hlis 19th Lub Tibneeg Hloov Pauv Hloov" yog qhia txog kev ua haujlwm rau cov neeg niajhnub coj niaj hnub nimno, thiab los ntawm kev tsim cov kev coj ua ntawm cov tub txib ntxov los tsim cov tsev luam, cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, thiab lwm yam. , los tshawb txog Western-style movable hom tshuab luam ntawv. Nws hloov tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txua ntoo ntawm cov ntoo thiab luam tawm cov kev hloov hauv Suav luam tawm thaum ntxov. Lub sij hawm ncua ntau tshaj ib nrab xyoo, thiab tus sau Su Jing tau nyob hauv UK rau "bibliography, collation thiab keeb kwm yav dhau los", uas muab nws txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab tshawb nrhiav cov ntawv Askiv txawv teb chaws.
Lub 1 Hlis Ntuj hnub tim 31, 1807, Christian Protestant cov tub txib Morrison tau ncaim London, hais lus sib tham rau cov txheeb ze thiab cov phooj ywg, thiab tau mus rau Tebchaws Meskas mus rau Guangzhou. Thaum Morrison los txog hauv Suav teb, lub Qing tsoom fwv Yuwei tseem nyob ntawd, thiab txoj kev khav theeb ntawm lub Nceeg Vaj saum ntuj ceeb tsheej ua ntau yam kev txwv rau cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, kom tiav "Vajtswv qhov kev tsim", Morrison yuav tsum tau txais ib txoj cai ntsees los luam cov phau ntawv kev cai dab qhuas hauv Malacca cheeb tsam ntawm Neeg Asmeskas Yim Peninsula, thiab tom qab ntawd mam li nrhiav cov ntawv xa mus rau Suav teb chaws.
Thaum luam phau ntawv, vim li cas, Morrison tau tso tseg cov neeg suav yaj ntoo uas yog neeg Mev thiab pib siv Western-style pov hom ntaus ntawv. Tsuas muaj 26 nqe lus Askiv xwb. Tsuav cov ntawv no thiaj li tau sau, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov lus sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, Suav yuav tsum tsim txhua lo lus, uas ua rau lub sij hawm tso dag thiab nyiaj txiag. Morrison tau tsim "Majiaying Printing Institute" hauv Macau, sau cov cim Suav, luam ntaub ntawv Christian phau ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv qhia txog kev paub thiab xov xwm. Nws tau siv txoj kev siv cov hom ntawv Hmoob txav mus muag, thiab tau tso lub hauv paus rau tub txib thiab luam txoj hauj lwm rau cov latecomers.
Yuav kom txaus siab rau qhov kev xav tau ntawm sab hnub poob, cov tub txib uas tuaj rau Suav teb dhau los yuav tsum luam tawm cov ntawv uas qhia lus Suav lus thiab cov kev lis kev cai, kom thiaj li nkag tau zoo rau tsoomfwv cov thawj coj thiab cov neeg sawv cev. Morrison siv tsib xyoos sau ntawv ua lus Suav-Lus Askiv, thiab East India Company tsim ib lub chaw luam ntawv hauv Macau luam tawm. Yuav kom sib sau ua lus Suav thiab Askiv ua ke, lub tshuab luam ntawv yuav tsum txi cov lus Askiv thiab muab cov lus Suav ua lus ua ke nrog cov ntawv loj, uas ua rau muaj chaw pov tseg.
Yuav kom tshaj tawm txoj moo zoo rau ntau tus neeg, cov tub txib yuav tsum txhim kho cov ntawv ceev xwm txheej. Thaum xyoo 1900, Paris-based caster Li Geang, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws kho mob Bao Tie, tau tsim ib txoj kev los sib koom Suav cov cim raws li cov radicals, uas yog, tsuas yog tsim kom muaj cov neeg tshaj lij thiab tom qab ntawd. Lub font yog thaum kawg txo, txuag cov nqi thiab lub sijhawm.
Hom kev luam ntawv no ua rau cov lus Suav tsis zoo. Qhov loj me me, qhov chaw thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm txhua lo lus yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ua yeeb yam, uas tsis tuaj yeem txais los ntawm Suav. Yog li ntawd, lub tshuab ntawm Batavia Printing Office yuav tsum txuas ntxiv los txhim kho cov cuab yeej los tsim ib lub me me, uas txuag cov nqi luam ntawv thiab ua rau cov nkauj zoo nkauj dua. Thaum xyoo 1850, Taiyol tau tsim tag nrho 5,000 tus tsiaj tauj, uas yog cov neeg suav coob. Cov neeg siv kuj tau nthuav tawm rau cov ntawv xov xwm, tsoom fwv thiab pej xeem luam ntawv uas tsis yog cov tub txib, thiab tau los ua ib hom kev lag luam uas tau siv txij li ntawd. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, Mohai Library, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv London, txuas ntxiv mus txhim kho cov cuab yeej ntawm Tycoon hom, nce hom tsiv, thiab tag nrho cov ntawv luam tawm tau sawv lawm. "Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo thiab Western-style movable hom luam tau qhib lub kauj ruam loj nyob rau hauv Suav cov neeg lub exclamation."
Txij thaum ntawd, Western Printing presses tau ntxiv popularized nyob rau hauv Suav teb, tso cai rau Tuam Tshoj mus kiag li abandon cov txwm woodcut tshuab luam ntawv. Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv Meihua, uas tsim los ntawm American Presbyterian Church, ntxiv txhawb cov luam ntawv ntawm lub tshuab. Tus Thawj Coj Jiang Bili tau tsim cov tshuab luam ntawv electroplated tooj liab nrog kev suav tshuab luam ntawv. Lub ntsej muag electroplated tooj liab yog zoo li cov ntoo suav daim ntawv sau, tshwj tsis yog tias nws yog pheej yig tshaj li qhov kev sib txoos ntoo, thiab nws tau nrawm nrawm dua thiab muab luam tawm tas li. Jiang Bili tom qab ntse muag Western-style khoom, Suav cim thiab kev siv tshuab rau Shanghai Dao Ding Richang. Pib los ntawm Ding Richang, cov cim Suav ntawm Meihua Library muaj cov neeg Suav, cov kev lis kev cai thiab cov neeg tuaj nyob hauv Suav.
Yog li ntawd, Western-style movable characters tau thaum kawg tau zoo tshaj thiab hloov lawv nrog kev sib tw ntawm cov ntoo luam. Western luam yog qhov hloov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev xyaum nyeem ntawv Suav, uas yog txo cov nqi ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab nthuav cov uas muaj kev txawj ntse. Secondly, phau ntawv me me txo, qhov layout nyhav yuav yooj yim, thiab ces daim ntawv luam tawm ntawm ob tog. Cov hlau yog hloov mus rau kev tiaj tus lossis lub tsho, thiab lub nruab nrab ntawm qhov ncaj nruab nrab hloov lub tiaj tus cia. Tus txha nraub qaum ntsia sab nraud thiab tus sau daim ntawv sau tawm.
Phau ntawv "Incasting and Engraving" rov qab hloov kev hloov ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm "Western Learning to the East", thiab tseem sim ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem, hom kev lag luam, qhov chaw ntawm cov nyiaj, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis sib haum xeeb, cov ntawv luam tawm thiab cov kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov tub txib niaj hnub no. Tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb nrhiav. Txawm hais tias nws lub hom phiaj yog los kawm txog cov teeb meem luam ntawv, nws kuj tau qhia ntau yam txog kev coj noj coj ua niaj hnub no nyob rau Suav teb. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias tus sau phau ntawv "ambition yog loj heev", rau qee qhov, phau ntawv muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv, uas ua rau ob sab siv lub xov tooj tseem ceeb ntawm kev luam tawm, ntxiv rau kev nyeem ntawv thiab kev nkag siab.