Pua pua xyoo ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm tshuab
Peb yog ib lub lag luam loj hauv Shenzhen Tuam Tshoj. Peb muaj cov phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam ntawv, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, lub thawv ntim, daim qhia ntawv, txhua yam ntawm PVC, cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv sau cia, hom tshwj xeeb ntawv xim luam tawm khoom, kev ua si cardand li ntawd.
Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tuaj xyuas
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Ntau xyoo dhau los, thaum kuv nyeem cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm Hakka, tus sau tau paub tias Sibao lub zos nyob hauv Liancheng County nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub tebchaws yog ib qho chaw hauv lub tebchaws. Cov kev lag luam luam muag pib sau nyob rau hauv Southern Song Dynasty thiab tsim nyob rau hauv Ming Dynasty. Nws nyob hauv Qing Dynasty thiab Jiaqing. Lub sijhawm xyoo, muaj ntau tshaj 100 lub khw muag khoom hauv lub xyoo, thiab 72% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub zos tau koom rau hauv kev kos thiab luam ntawv. Cov ntawv luam tawm tau xa tawm mus rau 150 lub nroog hauv 13 lub xeev ntawm Jiangnan thiab Nanyang lub teb chaws xws li Thaib teb, Nyab Laj thiab Indonesia. Nws yog "Oriental Engraving Ancient Town" thiab tau muab teev cia li plaub lub ntsiab lus paj gravure printing hauv Suav nrog rau Beijing, Hankou thiab Jiangxi Liwan.
Ib hnub tsis ntev dhau los, ntau tus "thaij duab" uas tau kawm txog Sivas hauv Meizhou, tau tsav tsheb mus rau Sibao Lub Zos, Liancheng County, txog 250 kilometres ntawm Meizhou, thiab sau cov kab lis kev cai sab laug ntawm lub lens, thiab siv lub hlwb thiab lub cev kom to taub phau ntawv. Lub povhaum ntawm cov style.
Carved kos duab
Yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab txheej txheem
Sibao Lub Zos Hauv Zos yog nyob ntawm taw ntawm Fengfeng Roob nyob rau qaum teb ntawm lub xeev Yunnan. Nws nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Liancheng, Changting, Qingliu thiab Ninghua. Nyob rau hauv 1999, nws tau teev tseg tias "provincial keeb kwm thiab kev coj noj coj zos" los ntawm tsoom fwv xeev. Gushufang tau teev tseg tias "Lub Tebchaws Tseem Ceeb Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Cheeb Tsam" los ntawm lub Xeev Council. Xyoo 2005, Sibao Engraving Printing Exhibition Hall tau teev tseg rau hauv "China Printing Museum Fujian (Liancheng) Ncig" thiab "China Printing Museum Fujian (Liancheng) Kev Tshawb Fawm Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb Luam Puag".
Peb mus rau plaub pob tom qab ntau tshaj peb teev ntawm kev kub ceev. Los ntawm lub tsheb, ua ntej khiav mus rau plaub-burger gravage exhibition tom qab lub zos tsoom fwv. Exhibition Hall yog nyob rau hauv lub "Dingshanggong" ntawm Zou lub tuam tsev ancient koob yawg lub zos Wuge. Nws tau ua nyob rau hauv xyoo Qiv 21 Qinglong (1756) thiab muaj keeb kwm txog ntau tshaj 260 xyoos. Lub rooj nthuav txuj kev nthuav dav muaj ib lub rooj sib tham, ib lub phaj siab, ib chav sab qaum, plaub sab laug thiab muaj txoj cai tis thiab ib qho chaw ua si. Lub rooj muaj laj kab yog ib lub tsev sib sab nraud nrog plaub lub kaum pob zeb thiab muaj lub siab zoo. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1930, thaum Zhu De coj cov tub rog liab Plig los ntawm Gutian mus rau Jiangxi, nws tau dhau los ntawm plaub lub pob zeb, tuav cov tub rog thiab ua haujlwm khiav haujlwm hauv lub zos. Nyob rau hauv cov chav tso cai, muaj ntau ntau phau ntawv tso cai, cov phau ntawv qub, cov thaij duab pob zeb, cov cwj mem kua ntim, cov ntawv txiav cov ntawv, cov ntawv nyeem, cov ntawv txhuam, thiab lwm yam khoom siv luam ntawv, luam ntawv. Cim ntaum cov khoom, cov duab yees duab, thiab lwm yam., Khaws cov ntawv xov xwm ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej luam tawm hauv Suav teb.
Kev ua lag luam luam ntawv yuav tsum tau muab faib ua rau cov txheej txheem, xws li, kev txiav ntoo, tsim kho thiab sau ntawv, kos duab kos, ink-adjusting paper, printing pagination, binding trimming thiab hais txog. Qee cov neeg tuaj yeem ua rau koom nrog kev teeb tsa thiab sau ntawv, kos duab thiab kos duab, cov txiv neej cov poj niam uas ua haujlwm nrog ink-adjusting thiab paper-cutting, thiab lwm yam. Cov poj niam muaj lub luag hauj lwm rau kev luam, txhim khu, khoov, thiab ntim. Ntawm lawv, cov kos duab thiab kos yog qhov nyuaj tshaj, me, nyuaj thiab siv sij hawm siv, thiab lub phij xej embryonic yuav tsum siv ntoo siv ntoo xws li txiv ntoo los yog qua ntxi tsis muaj qhov nyom. Yog hais tias nws yog "duab loj" xws li "Kangxi Lus Txhais Lus", "Npau suav ntawm Red Mansions", "Four Books and Five Classics", nws yuav siv tsib los sis rau xyoo rau ib qho yooj yim engraving thiab kos. Cov kos duab ntawm phau ntawv yog muab khaws cia rau hauv ib chav ntawm kaum los yog nees nkaum square metres. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias nws tsis yooj yim los ua kom tiav cov ntawv nyeem ntawm phau ntawv. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub plaub castles sib cais los ntawm cov kwv tij, tsis hais txog cov nyuj, lawv faib tsis tau cov teb thiab faib cov txhuv. Lawv tsuas khij cov ntawv kab kos, ntev li ntev tau lawv muaj daim ntawv engravings hauv lawv txhais tes, lawv yuav tsis noj thiab haus. Nyob rau lub Ob Hlis 2008, Sibao cov kev txawj ntse tau teev muaj li ob pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Ministry of Culture.
Plaub Fort Engraving
Yog vim li cas nws tau flourished rau pua pua xyoo?
Los ntawm cov chav tso cai nrog, ib qho teeb meem dab tsi nyob rau hauv peb lub hlwb: plaub ceg thiab cov phav phav ntawm Hakka lub zos, tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb, thiab tsis muaj kev cai dab qhuas ntau yam uas tau nyeem paj huam, yog vim li cas lub engraving ntawm lub engraving dab tsi tau kev lag luam rau pua pua xyoo?
Hais txog qhov laj thawj ntawm plaub lub laj fai luam ntawv, muaj ob hom lus hais hauv zos. Ma thiab Zou muaj ob lub npe. Ma lub npe ntawm lub hauv Ming Chenghua xyoo, Ma Clan nees taming mus rau ob yam khoom ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm txoj cai rau cov keeb kwm muaj koob muaj npe, ua hauj lwm raws li cov Sichuan Buzheng, Huguang governor, tom qab xa ntawm hometown, Hankou thiab lwm qhov chaw los nqa cov ntawv luam tawm rov qab mus rau lawv cov hometown, Cov kev hloov kho ntawm kev nrhiav caj ceg, paj huam paj huam, qhib qhov ua tiav ntawm Mawu luam ntawv kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, tus Zou tsev neeg ntseeg tias nws pib hauv yim xyoo ntawm Ming Wanli. Thaum Zou Xuesheng rov qab mus rau nws lub hometown los ntawm Hangzhou, nws tus poj niam, Mrs. Shao, tseem nyob hauv nws hometown ntawm Hangzhou, thiab txhawj xeeb tias nws cov me nyuam tsis tau txais kev kawm zoo. Zou Xuesheng tuaj tawm thiab yuav rov qab rov qab Hangzhou Teeb Kev Lom Zem thiab tag nrho txheej ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab luam ntawv. Qhov kev sib txeeb ntawd kov tus poj niam thiab qhib lub prelude rau lub zos hlais. Rau cov ob lub versions, leej twg yog tus zoo thiab tsis ncaj ncees lawm, nws tsis yooj yim los txiav txim siab, tab sis cov lus ob ntawm no tau muab ib txoj kev nkauj nraug rau plaub txoj kev lag luam luam tawm.
Taug kev los ntawm lub zos txoj kev ntawm Sibao, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau lub tsev ntawv qub. Muaj ntau tshaj li 100 phau qub ntawv sau ua cov Ming thiab Qing Dynasties hauv plaub lub pob zeb, uas tau raug muab faib rau hauv Mawu Village thiab Wuge Village, uas yog li ib mais kev sib nrug. Lub npe ntawm Ma yog feeb nyob hauv Mawu Lub Zos. Zou lub npe nyob rau hauv lub zos Loj. Feem ntau ntawm cov phau ntawv sau nyob rau hauv ob lub zos no nyob rau hauv tsev ancestral tsev los yog lub zos lub tsev, hu ua tom qab "tang", "floor" and "ge". Txoj kev lag luam ntawm Sibao pib ua los ntawm ib lub rooj koom txoos hauv tsev neeg thiab maj mam tsim mus rau hauv tsev neeg txoj kev lag luam. Tsis muaj cov neeg pabcuam hauv tsev neeg uas tsim kev cob qhia. Muaj logging, xaiv, kos duab, thiab mimeographing. Cov laus thiab cov qaug zog kuj tuaj yeem txiav cov ntawv, khi, thiab nplooj ntawv. Nrog rau qhov kev nce ntawm phau ntawv thiab qhov nthuav ntawm lub sijhawm, cov Markov thiab Zou tsev neeg tau hloov ua ib pawg ntawm cov ntawv sau npe uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntawv muag.
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm nws txoj kev vam meej, nws mus txog ntau tshaj ib puas phau ntawv. Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj ob los sis ntau dua ntawm tib phau ntawv? Qhov no yog lwm lo lus nug uas peb tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm mus xyuas.
Keeb xeeb, kom tsis txhob rov luam dua ntawm tib phau ntawv tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev cob qhia, ob lub zos tau tsim tsim lub zos cov cai. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog ob: ib qho yog "ib xyoos ua kom muaj zog." Qhov no yog, ua ntej thawj lub hlis ntawm lub xyoo tom ntej, txhua phau ntawv yuav tsum xa tag nrho cov phau ntawv luam tawm xyoo tom qab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub khw muag khoom, yog li thawj lub hlis ntawm thawj lub hli ntawm thawj lub hli yuav nkag siab txhua lwm yam. Thaum cov phau ntawv rov qab muab dua, cov txwj laus hauv zos yuav koom tes. Qhov thib ob yog qhov "qub version rov qab siv dua". Cov kev cai hauv lub zos yog hais tias yog tias lub tsev muag ntawv xav luam tawm phau ntawv tshaj tawm hauv lwm lub tsev muag ntawv, tus qub ntawv tuaj yeem raug xauj ntawm cov khw muag khoom, tab sis tsis pub nws kos thaum nws luam tawm. Cov cai tswj no muaj qhov zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis tseem muaj ib qho kev sib txuam. Tsev neeg txoj kev tswj kev sib tw, lub tswv yim ntawm "rog thiab dej tsis khiav tawm sab nraum lub tshav", ua rau plaub-burger paj ntaub luam kev lag luam kaw ib lub fortress, tab sis qee qhov kev cob qhia yuav ntiav ib txhia ex-gratia craftsmen thaum tibneeg hu tauj coob, tab sis plaub Fort Qhov kev ua si engraving tau monopolized los ntawm Ma thiab Zou, thiab cov kev yees tseem ceeb yeej tsis dhau ntawm. Cov plaub-burger tshuab luam ntawv luam tawm ntawm qhov nce mus rau lub yeeb koob rau lub annihilation, tsis tau tag nrho ntaus nqi mus rau kev qhia txog lithography thiab khi printing nyob rau hauv lub Qing Dynasty lig. Kev kaw thiab nqaim tsev neeg lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv kev lag luam plaub-burger kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub tawb ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj thiab kev nyab xeeb, tsis xav thiab enterprising, zaum ntawm hauv av thiab saib saum ntuj, tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab, yog li thaum nws tuaj ib qho kev poob sab nrauv, nws sai tau ntog sib nrug.
Ua haujlwm loj
Tsuas yog ib daim xim kos duab xwb
Peb kuj kawm qhov tseeb hais tias nyob hauv ntau cov hauj lwm loj uas tau muab luam tawm, tsuas muaj ib phau ntawv ntawm phau ntawv, uas tau ua rau kev khuv xim thiab kev khuv xim. Vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim? Qhov no ua rau nws xav tau los hais qhov chaw ntawm "Guandi Dam".
Guandi Dam yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ob lub tsev neeg ntawm Zou thiab Ma. Tom qab lub hli hli 15 hli ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub hli, nws yog qhov chaw ua lag luam ntawm Sibao Phau Ntawv Ua Lag Luam. Cov phau ntawv muaj npe nyob rau hauv Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan thiab lwm qhov chaw sib sau ua ke kom coj mus muag thiab muag lag luam ntawm cov qauv kev txiav txim. Guandi Dam tau los ua chaw lag luam rau Sibao, thiab nws yog qhov chaw khaws cov khoom muaj nqis rau cov neeg zej zog tuaj nqa nyiaj. Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj leej twg xav tias nws yuav yog qhov chaw tu siab rau plaub Plaub Tshais. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, "Cov Plaub Plaub Plaub Qub" raug muab cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov phau ntawv qub uas tau muab zais rau hauv ntau yim neeg. Cov neeg coob coob muab lawv tso rau hauv hustle los yog lub hav, thiab lawv nyob ntawm Guandi Dam, cov ntawv loj thiab me me thiab cov ntawv qub qub coj los ua ib yam li cov roob. Lub qhov hluav taws kub hnyav tau peb hnub thiab peb hmos, thiab cov ntshav tau ntau dhau mus rau sab hnub tuaj, ua pa taws thiab nce mus saum ntuj.
Lub log ntawm keeb kwm tsis tau muab, thiab peb tsis tau ua tim khawv rau grand grand event ntawm lub xyoo. Vim yog qhov txawv ntawm kev luam tawm txawv teb chaws, Sibao hlais tau nthuav tawm ntau pua xyoo thiab maj mam pib thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Xyoo 1942, Sibao phau ntawv raug rho tawm thaum kawg. Lub vev xaib xaus tau lub yeeb koob ntawm ib qho ntawm plaub lub ntsiab lus loj loj hauv cov ntawv luam tawm. Tam sim no muaj plaub daim ntawv cog lus ua kab lis kev cai ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab qub txeeg qub teg, ua qhov chaw thiab keeb kwm kev cai.
Kuv xav tias cov neeg Hakka muaj kev coj cwj pwm ntawm kev cog lus ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov kev xeem ntawv imperial. Tej zaum cov neeg Hakka cov kev coj zoo tsim tau plaub lub tshuab luam yeeb luam ntawm ib sab, thiab kev lag luam luam ntawm Sibao tau pab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob. Cov nplua nuj kev cai ntawm thaj chaw ncig teb chaw hauv cheeb tsam mountainous ntawm Guangdong thiab Fujian.