Hlau, iav, yas, thiab ntawv ntim plaub pawg ntawm kev cia siab hauv qab: Qhov twg yog nyob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom? Hlau, iav, yas, thiab ntawv ntim cov tuam txhab ua ib yam: muag ntim rau cov tuam txhab khoom siv. Tab sis thaum nws los txog rau cov neeg siv khoom, lawv cov xwm txheej sib txawv hauv ntiaj teb. Qee tus tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm tus nqi raw khoom nce thiab nthuav cov txiaj ntsig txhua xyoo, thaum lwm tus tsuas tuaj yeem txiav lub peev xwm thiab saib cov nyiaj tau los nqaim. Qhov sib txawv tsis yog hais txog seb daim ntawv, hlau, yas, lossis iav siv li cas, tab sis hais txog ob yam: cov neeg siv khoom qis qis npaum li cas thiab yooj yim npaum li cas cov ntim no tuaj yeem hloov tau. Kev nkag siab txog ob lub ntsiab lus no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim qhov twg ntawm plaub hom kev ntim khoom muaj kev txwv ntau dua los ntawm cov neeg siv qis qis, thiab tseem pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li cas cov kev txwv no yuav tawg lossis thim rov qab. Kev txiav txim siab kev vam khom: Ua ntej, saib ob qhov sib txawv. Lub zog sib cog lus ntawm cov tuam txhab ntim khoom ntim qis tuaj yeem tawg ua ob qhov ntsuas tau. Customer Concentration: Ntsuas ntau npaum li cas lub tuam txhab cuam tshuam thaum tus neeg siv khoom tawm mus. Txoj kev siv feem ntau yog qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tsib tus neeg siv khoom sab saum toj, lossis feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom sab saum toj. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntau dua, qhov ntau dua tus nqi ntawm kev txiav txim poob, thiab cov tuam txhab uas tsis tshua muaj peev xwm yuav tsum nruj rau tus nqi. Cov khoom siv hloov pauv: Ntsuas seb cov neeg siv khoom puas tuaj yeem hloov cov khoom lossis cov khoom siv. Nws nyob ntawm seb puas muaj daim ntawv cog lus tshwj xeeb, cov cuab yeej siv siab, qib ntawm kev hloov kho, thiab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis. Qhov yooj yim dua nws yog hloov, qhov ntau passive tus neeg muag khoom yog. Ob qhov sib txawv no feem ntau sib tshooj hauv tib qho kev taw qhia, tab sis tuaj yeem mus rau qhov sib txawv. Thaum cov neeg siv khoom muaj zog heev thiab cov ntim no tau hloov pauv tau yooj yim, cov tuam txhab ntim khoom muaj qhov tsis zoo: poob cov neeg siv khoom raug nqi, khaws cov neeg siv khoom raug txwv, thiab lawv tsuas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog nqe thiab nqe lus them nqi. Hloov pauv, txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom muaj zog, tsuav yog tias muaj kev sib txuas tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv sau ua haujlwm siab, lossis cov nqi hloov pauv siab, kev sib txuas lus yuav thim rov qab, thiab cov tuam txhab ntim khoom kawg tuav cov chips. Yog li leej twg yog tus thawj coj hauv qab dej tsis yog qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom muaj, tab sis yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev siv. Lwm lub ntsiab lus yog yooj yim rau confuse: macro cov ntaub ntawv zoo li tag nrho cov lag luam loj thiab kev lag luam loj hlob tus nqi tsis zoo ib yam li cov neeg siv khoom concentration. Hauv qeb loj hlob sai sai, yog tias cov neeg yuav khoom muaj ntau ntau, cov tuam txhab ntim khoom tseem tsis muaj nqi zog. Cov kev txiav txim hauv qab no yog ua raws li cov neeg siv khoom tsim thiab kev sib cog lus tiag tiag, tsis yog kev lag luam kev vam meej. Hlau: siab tshaj concentration, tab sis feem ntau ua tiav tsis mechanism. Cov kaus poom hlau haus yog cov feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom concentration. Cov dej hauv qab yog cov dej haus muaj zog heev, thiab cov kaus poom nws tus kheej tau dhau los ua oligopolistic. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov dej haus txhuas tuaj yeem ua lag luam, Pob thiab yas ua ke suav txog li 60% mus rau 65% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Hauv nws qhov kev pheej hmoo tshaj tawm txhua xyoo, Pob tau hais ntev ntev tias feem ntau ntawm lub tuam txhab cov khoom ntim tau muag rau cov tuam txhab haus dej haus thiab zaub mov tsawg tsawg hauv North America, Europe, thiab Tuam Tshoj. Kev plam tus neeg siv khoom loj lossis kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntawv cog lus yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, tab sis ntev - daim ntawv cog lus tau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no. Concentrated buyers yuav tsum suppress canners 'cov txiaj ntsig, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv rau xyoo 2025 qhia tau hais tias cov canners ua tau nthuav dav lawv cov txiaj ntsig. Yog vim li cas yog nyob rau hauv ob lub buffer mechanisms. Thawj clause yog tus nqi raw khoom sib txuas clause. Pob cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 2025 yuav tsum nce los ntawm $ 11.8 nphom hauv 2024 txog $ 13.16 billion. Kev muag khoom hauv North American haus ntim ntu tau nce 4.8% rau lub xyoo, feem ntau yog vim kev txhim kho ntawm tus nqi thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov nqi txhuas tau dhau los ntawm kev cog lus, thiab kho cov nyiaj pub dawb rau lub xyoo tau ntaus cov ntaub ntawv $ 956 lab. Crown's net muag rau 2025 tau nce los ntawm $ 11.80 nphom mus rau $ 12.365 billion, suav nrog $ 507 lab hauv cov khoom siv raw khoom dhau los-. Kho EBITDA rau tag nrho lub xyoo yog kwv yees li $ 2.1 nphom, nce li ntawm 8%, thiab cov nyiaj pub dawb yog $ 1.146 billion, ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv - siab. Nyob rau hauv ntev - cov qauv kev cog lus nrog cov lus sib txuas, cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem hloov pauv feem ntau ntawm cov nqi hloov pauv mus rau cov neeg yuav khoom, tau txais txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lawv tus kheej. Lub ntsiab lus thib ob yog qhov kev hloov khoom siv yog qhov zoo rau cov tuam ntxhab. Kev tswj hwm vaj tse tau hais tias tam sim no cov kaus poom txhuas yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau txog 80% ntawm cov khoom siv dej haus tshiab thaum xaiv ntim, thaum iav thiab yas txuas ntxiv nce kev lag luam. Thaum lwm qhov sib txawv taw qhia rau lawv tus kheej, canmakers tsis yog tag nrho hauv kev sib tham. Tuam Tshoj ua lag luam nthuav tawm hom kev vam khom no kom meej meej. Lub tuam txhab ntim hlau ua lag luam Keeb Kwm ntxov tau txais kev ua raws li- teeb tsa, tsim nws lub Hoobkas txog 800 meters los ntawm Red Bull lub Hoobkas hauv Suav teb. Txhua qhov chaw Red Bull teeb tsa nws lub Hoobkas, nws cov peev txheej tsim tau ua raws. Thaum nws mus rau pej xeem hauv 2012, lub tuam txhab cov neeg siv khoom sab saum toj tau pab 92.64% ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, nrog Tuam Tshoj Red Bull ib leeg suav txog 70.56%. Qhov no -kev vam khom rau cov neeg siv khoom tau nquag diluted nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej los yog li ntawd. Los ntawm 2023, Red Bull cov feem tau poob mus rau 33.65%, thiab los ntawm 2025, tsib tus neeg siv khoom sab saum toj hauv 2025 daim ntawv tshaj tawm ib ntus yuav suav txog li 55%. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw yog kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yuav khoom thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom: nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 2025, Keeb Kwm tau ua tiav qhov tau txais thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm COFCO Ntim rau ntau dua 5.5 billion yuan, nce nws ob - thooj tuaj yeem ua lag luam sib faib los ntawm kwv yees li 20% mus txog 37%, thiab peb qhov kev lag luam ntau tshaj 7%. Thaum lub sijhawm tau txais, lub tuam txhab ua tiav cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 11.727 billion yuan hauv thawj ib nrab xyoo 2025, ib xyoo-ntawm-xyoo nce ntawm 62.74%, thiab cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kwv yees li 903 lab yuan, nce 64.66% xyoo- xyoo.{93} Lwm ob lub chaw muag khoom tseem ceeb hauv ob -daim tuaj yeem ua lag luam yog Baosteel Ntim thiab Shengxing Co., Ltd., tsim cov qauv coj ua ua ke nrog Keeb Kwm thiab COFCO. Cov kaus poom hlau kuj tseem muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo: kev thov tseem nthuav dav. Tuam Tshoj tus npias canning tus nqi yog kwv yees li 27%, tseem txo qis tshaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm 48.6%, thiab deb tshaj li 65% qib hauv cov teb chaws xws li UK thiab Asmeskas. Cov kaus poom siab dua txhais tau hais tias qhov kev thov rau ob-cov kaus poom yuav loj tuaj, thiab cov neeg muag khoom yuav tsis tas yuav sib tham tsis tu ncua kom khaws cov neeg siv khoom uas twb muaj lawm. Kev nthuav dav kuj tau ntsib kev poob qis, nrog rau geopolitical yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Crown's Asia{107}}Kev muag khoom hauv Pacific hauv lub quarter thib plaub ntawm 2025 tau cia siab tias yuav poob li ntawm 3% xyoo-rau- xyoo. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Keeb Kwm kuj nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv sab hauv hauv cov ntim hlau, nrog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev sib cog lus ntawm peb- thooj thiab ob- cov kaus poom. Peb-cov kaus poom: Cov qauv kev lag luam yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nrog cov tuam txhab zaub mov thiab dej haus loj muaj cov neeg muab khoom ruaj khov, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov neeg tuaj tshiab los txhawb lawv. Keeb kwm yog cov khoom ntim tshwj xeeb rau Tuam Tshoj Red Bull. Ob tog yog kev sib koom ua ke, thiab lawv cov paj laum tag nrho tau ntev nyob ruaj khov siab dua 20%, ua rau lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los. Ob-cov tso tsheb hlau luam: Ntau tus neeg muag khoom hauv tsev thiab qib siab ntawm kev ua lag luam; cov neeg siv khoom kawg feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tuam txhab tsim khoom, tsis tshua muaj nqi - kev sib tw nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig loj. Hauv xyoo 2024, tus nqi tsev rau ob- cov kaus poom ib zaug poob mus txog 0.32 yuan ib lub kaus poom, tab sis tom qab kev sib koom ua ke, kev lag luam sib koom ua ke tau thawb nws rov qab mus rau 0.35 txog 0.38 yuan. Ob leeg yog cov kaus poom hlau, tab sis kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev sib tw tag nrho tau ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Qhov no kuj piav qhia tias vim li cas kev lag luam nce siab los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yuav khoom: cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv - sab concentration los tiv thaiv kev xav tau - sab concentration. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov hlau: Cov neeg siv khoom siab tshaj plaws, tab sis tso siab rau tus nqi - txuas mus ntev - cov ntawv cog lus, cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab cov khoom siv - sab kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yuav khoom, cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tau khaws lawv txoj kev vam khom nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv tswj tau. Tus nqi yog tias qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig tau nce ntxiv, nrog Keeb Kwm tau nce paj paj ntau ntxiv -cov nuj nqis tom qab tau txais, thiab nws cov paj tau paj tag nrho hauv Q3 2025 ib zaug poob mus txog 13.5%, muab luv luv - lub sij hawm cov nyiaj tau los rau nws. Iav: Sib npaug sib npaug, tab sis yuav luag tsis muaj buffer iav thiab hlau ua haujlwm rau tib neeg haus dej haus, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau, ua rau lawv tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau xyoo 2025. Cov iav fwj hauv qab yog npias, cawv, cawv, nrog rau cov khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Ntawm lawv, cov neeg yuav khoom cawv yog cov concentrated, thiab iav tau ntsib kev hloov pauv los ntawm txhuas cov kaus poom thiab PET fwj. Yog tias qhov kev thov qis qis qis, nws yuav luag ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau iav factories 'kev khiav hauj lwm tus nqi thiab tus nqi. Cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj txiag rau 2025 lees paub qhov kev ua tsis tiav no. O-I Glass, lub tuam txhab ntim ntim iav loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tau tshaj tawm txhua xyoo kev muag khoom ntawm $ 6.4 nphom, qis dua xyoo tas los $ 6.5 nphom, thiab sau cov nyiaj poob rau lub xyoo. Segment kev khiav hauj lwm cov nyiaj tau los yog $846 lab, nce 13%, tab sis yuav luag tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los nce los ntawm tus nqi- txiav cov kev pab cuam (pab txog $ 300 lab xyoo ntawd) es tsis yog ntim- nqi txhim kho. Nws txoj kev lag luam nyob sab Europe cov nyiaj tau los poob los ntawm 17%, vim yog cov nqi tsis zoo, txo qhov muag ntim, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm. European iav thawj coj Verallia cov nyiaj tau los yuav tsum ncav cuag li 3.3 billion euros nyob rau hauv 2025, nrog rau 3.4% poob nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tsis suav Argentina; Net profit yog 93 lab euros, nqis 60.8% xyoo-rau-xyoo; Kho EBITDA margin poob los ntawm 24.5% mus rau 21.1%, nrog cov nyiaj tau los hnyav los ntawm cov nqi tsis zoo thiab cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo. Cov feem ntau dragging yam yog npias thiab sparkling caw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov kev thov tsis muaj zog; kuj muaj zog yog cov kaus poom zaub mov thiab tsis yog{171}} dej cawv. Lub tuam txhab iav cov lus teb meej meej qhia txog nws qhov kev sib tham tsis muaj zog: nrog rau kev lag luam hauv qab tam sim no softening thiab nyuaj dhau ntawm cov nqi xws li hlau, lawv tsuas tuaj yeem txiav lub peev xwm thiab tsis siv neeg kilns kom tau raws li qhov xav tau, tso siab rau cov nqi txo kom muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov nqi tsis yog ib yam uas koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej; dab tsi tuaj yeem hloov kho yog tus nqi. Qhov passivity no kuj ua ke nrog cov rigidity ntawm tus nqi sab. Iav melting furnaces yog cov cuab tam hnyav nrog kev siv zog siab thiab ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Kev nce nqi hluav taws xob yog qhov nyuaj rau kev xa mus sai sai rau cov neeg siv khoom, yog li O-Kuv tau txheeb xyuas txog $ 150 lab hauv cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv xyoo 2026 uas yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom muaj zog, kev hloov pauv siab, thiab cov nqi nruj txo qis qhov chaw hloov kho rau iav ntawm plaub hom khoom. Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv hauv cov iav. Pharmaceutical iav yuav tsum muaj thermal stability thiab chemical inertness, thaum lub siab siab -kawg ntsuj plig thiab cov iav kom zoo nkauj yog cov khoom hwm. Cov ntawv thov no muaj qhov sib txawv heev thiab muaj kev hloov pauv tsawg, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom iav muaj qhov sib tham zoo dua li cov raj mis hauv lub raj mis. Ob leeg O-Kuv thiab Verallia hais txog kev hloov mus rau siab dua- kawg, cov khoom lag luam zoo dua qub los ntawm 2025, qhov tseem ceeb hloov mus rau cov ntawv thov nrog kev hloov pauv qis dua. iav txoj hauj lwm: Cov neeg siv khoom siab yog piv rau cov hlau tab sis tsis muaj nqi hloov cov nqe lus thiab yog nyob rau sab raug hloov, ua rau nws qhov kev txwv qis tshaj plaws ntawm plaub pawg. Qhov tsuas yog tsis yog qhov kev hloov mus rau kev siv sib txawv xws li cov tshuaj thiab cov cawv cawv. Plastics: Cov qeb loj tshaj plaws, nrog rau kev hloov pauv tau dhau los ua ib qho kev sib tham rau cov neeg yuav khoom. Cov ntim yas yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev nthuav dav vim nws muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws sab hauv: PET fwj thiab preforms pab cov neeg siv khoom noj khoom haus uas sib tshooj nrog cov hlau thiab iav cov kaus poom, muab tso rau hauv txoj hauj lwm zoo ib yam li cov kaus poom hlau; Kev ntim cov yeeb yaj kiab yooj yim thiab cov thawv ntim khoom siv lub hom phiaj dav dua nrawm dua - txav cov khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom, nrog rau kev cia siab tsawg rau ib tus neeg siv khoom. Zuag qhia tag nrho, plastics yog qib nruab nrab- qib, nrog rau qib nyob ntawm cov qeb tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov ntim yas hauv xyoo 2025 yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov thawj coj. Amcor ua tiav nws qhov kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho nrog Berry Ntiaj Teb thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 30, 2025, dhau los ua tus neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev kho mob ntim khoom lag luam, nrog rau kev tshaj tawm lub hom phiaj sib koom ua ke ntawm kwv yees li $ 650 lab. Raws li thawj lub quarter tag nrho tom qab kev sib koom ua ke, nws qhov muag muag rau thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm xyoo nyiaj txiag 2026 (kawg lub Cuaj Hlis 2025) tau txog $ 5.745 billion. Zoo ib yam li cov hlau, cov thawj coj ntawm cov yas kuj tseem siv cov nplai los tiv thaiv kev sib txuas lus hauv qab, ntawm tib tus nqi ntawm cov nuj nqis nce, nrog rau cov nuj nqis ntev ntev tom qab kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho txog $ 15 billion. Plastics muaj qhov txawv ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv: kev hloov pauv siab thiab yog qhov sib tw nti rau cov neeg yuav khoom. Cov tuam txhab dej haus tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm cov kaus poom txhuas, PET fwj, thiab iav fwj, thiab tseem sib piv cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv yas sib txawv, nrog cov nqi hloov pauv tsawg. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov neeg muab khoom yas kom tau txais txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb tshwj tsis yog qee qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv nrog cov txheej txheem siab. Cov txiaj ntsig kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv hlau (kev hloov pauv yog hais txog txhuas cov kaus poom), tab sis tsis zoo dua hauv cov yas (cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem hloov tau txhua lub sijhawm). Tab sis sab hauv ntawm yas tsis yog monolithic. Tom qab kev koom ua ke nrog Berry, Amcor tshwj xeeb tau hais txog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev noj qab haus huv, uas tau lees paub ntxiv qhov kev xav no. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub dav dav, ntim khoom noj tau yooj yim: Ze rau kev sib tw tag nrho, cov neeg siv khoom yooj yim hloov cov neeg xa khoom, thiab kev vam khom siab. Kev kho mob thiab tshuaj ntim khoom yas: Yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm kev tswj xyuas tshuaj, kev txheeb xyuas kom tsis muaj menyuam, thiab ntev - daim ntawv pov thawj khoom tsim nyog. Thaum tau txais kev lees paub los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, nws yog qhov nyuaj los hloov cov ntim khoom yooj yim, ua rau cov nqi hloov pauv siab thiab muaj kev sib txuas lus ruaj khov. Plastic positioning: Qhov nruab nrab nyob ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Tus yuam sij rau kev txiav txim tsis yog daim ntawv lo ntawm cov yas, tab sis seb cov khoom tshwj xeeb embeds ntawv pov thawj los yog cov txheej txheem kev uas cov neeg muas zaub nrhiav nyuaj los zam. Daim ntawv: Qhov nruab nrab qis tshaj qhov kev cia siab, tseem zais qhov ntsuas qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws -hauv. Daim ntawv muaj qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab qis tshaj ntawm plaub pawg. Corrugated carton cov kev pabcuam pabcuam e-kev lag luam, khw muag khoom, thiab kev tsim khoom dav dav, nrog rau cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv heev uas tsis muaj ib tus neeg yuav khoom tswj hwm tag nrho kev lag luam. Smurfit Westrock, tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Smurfit Kappa thiab WestRock hauv 2024, tau npaj kom ua tiav kev muag khoom ntawm $ 31.179 nphom hauv 2025 thiab hloov kho EBITDA txog $ 4.939 billion, pab cov neeg siv khoom thoob plaws ntau yam lag luam suav nrog zaub mov thiab dej haus, e. Lub fragmented cov neeg siv khoom qauv muab thawv factories kuj ntau tus nqi autonomy. Los ntawm 2025, lub tuam txhab yuav ua tib zoo txais tus nqi- tsav kev muag khoom thiab tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab kev thov thiab tswj cov nqi los ntawm kev kaw ib ntus- cov kev coj ua uas nyuaj rau cov neeg xa khoom khi rau ib tus neeg yuav khoom loj. Tab sis qhov sib txawv sab hauv hauv ntawv muab qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov ntawv nyeem: tsis yog tag nrho cov ntawv ntim khoom tsis muaj zog hauv kev sib tham. Aseptic kua ntim (xws li Tetra Pak thiab Combi packs) yog dominated los ntawm ib tug tsawg tsawg ntawm manufacturers, nrog Tetra Pak (ib tug kheej kheej Tetra Laval) thiab SIG ua txoj kev, ua raws li los ntawm Elopak thiab lwm yam. Lawv cov qauv kev lag luam yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv: ua ntej, lawv txhim kho cov tshuab filling rau cov tuam txhab siv mis thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tom qab ntawd muab cov thawv sib txuam thiab lub kaus mom rau lub sijhawm ntev. Thaum cov khoom siv thauj khoom mus rau tus neeg siv khoom cov kab ntau lawm, tus nqi hloov pauv yog qhov siab heev, tso cai rau cov neeg xa khoom ntim kom tau txais kev kaw tsis tu ncua -hauv thiab nqi zog. SIG's 2025 daim ntawv tshaj tawm txhua xyoo qhia tau hais tias nws txoj kev lag luam ruaj khov los ntawm kev loj hlob mus ntev - nrog cov neeg siv khoom uas twb muaj lawm, tsis yog sib tw rau kev txiav txim hauv kev lag luam qhib. Rau cov ntawv, cov thawv ntawv corrugated yog qhov kawg uas qis - xaj cov neeg siv khoom cia siab rau lawv tab sis tsis muaj nqi zog, thaum lub ntim aseptic kua yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab qhov kawg qhov kev sib tham leans rau cov neeg muag khoom. Cov txheej txheem no yog tib yam nkaus li kev khi tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau peb- thooj tso tsheb hlau luam: thaum tus nqi hloov pauv siab txaus thiab qhov kev sib khi yog qhov sib sib zog nqus txaus, cov neeg siv khoom siab tsis tau txhais tau hais tias tus neeg muag khoom yog passive; Hloov chaw, nws tuaj yeem thim rov qab rau hauv kev sib tham kom zoo dua rau tus neeg muag khoom. Tuam Tshoj ua lag luam muab cov qauv ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem no thiab tseem nthuav tawm nws cov ciam teb. Nrog nws cov thawj coj hauv kev sau cov khoom siv, kev pabcuam, thiab cov khoom ntim, Tetra Pak ib zaug tuav ntau dua 90% ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev ntim khoom aseptic. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 2013, nws cov lag luam sib koom hauv cov khoom siv, ntim khoom, thiab cov kev pabcuam tshaj lij tshaj 50%, 60%, thiab 80% feem. Qhov kev tswj hwm no yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev pabcuam kev pabcuam, ntim khoom, thiab kev txo nqi loyalty. Hauv xyoo 2016, Lub Xeev Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam tau txiav txim siab tias Tetra Pak tau ua phem rau nws txoj kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, raug nplua nyiaj txog 668 lab yuan, thiab tau hais kom nws txwv tsis pub bundling thiab lwm yam dej num. Cov neeg muag khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev kaw hauv cov khoom siv tab sis thaum kawg raug txwv los ntawm cov cai tiv thaiv kev ntseeg.
Tom qab qhov kev nplua, cov lus teb ntawm cov tuam txhab noj cov khoom noj hauv qab no qhia ntxiv tias cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsis lees txais kev ua haujlwm ntev ntev. Cov tuam txhab noj mis nyuj zoo li Yili thiab Mengniu nquag txhawb nqa cov khoom siv thib ob hauv tsev kom txo cov nqi ntim khoom: Yili txhawb nqa Jufeng tshiab, thiab Mengniu txhawb Fenmei Ntim. Los ntawm 2020, nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj lub aseptic kua mis ntim kev lag luam, kev lag luam sib koom ntawm Tetra Pak, Fenmei, SIG, thiab Tshiab Jufeng yog kwv yees li 61.1%, 12.0%, 11.3%, thiab 9.6%, feem. Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev txuas ntxiv nce kev lag luam los ntawm tus nqi zoo thiab cov neeg siv khoom txhawb nqa.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov neeg muag khoom hauv tsev lawv tus kheej muaj cov neeg siv khoom siab. Xyoo 2020, Yili, New Jufeng tus neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws, tau pab kwv yees li 70% ntawm nws cov nyiaj tau los, zoo ib yam li ORG thaum ntxov tau txuas nrog Red Bull: pib los ntawm kev sib koom tes nrog cov neeg siv khoom loj thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam sib txawv. Los ntawm 2023, Tshiab Jufeng tau ntxiv txog 28% ntawm Fenmei Ntim thiab tau pib qhov kev sib tw, sim txuas ob lub tshuab loj ntawm Yili thiab Mengniu. Qhov kev pom zoo no twb tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm Lub Xeev Pawg Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Lag Luam kom tsis txhob txwv nws.
Cov ntim aseptic yog li qhia peb lub zog tib lub sijhawm: cov neeg muag khoom muaj kev sib txuas lus nrog lub zog los ntawm cov khoom siv xauv -hauv, cov neeg tswj hwm tau teem ciam rau qhov ntsuas phoo no -nyob rau hauv, thiab cov neeg yuav khoom sim ua kom sib npaug los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov neeg muab khoom thib ob thiab txhawb kev hloov hauv tsev.
Txoj hauj lwm ntawm daim ntawv: Corrugated thawv muaj qhov nruab nrab qis tshaj qhov kev cia siab tab sis kuj tsis muaj nqi zog; aseptic kua ntim, vim yog cov khoom siv xauv -hauv, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev thim rov qab lub zog, thiab qhov kev thim rov qab no tau txwv los ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab cov neeg yuav khoom tawm tsam.
Xaus: Nws tsis yog cov khoom uas txiav txim siab txoj hmoo, tab sis nws daim ntawv thov thiab kev ua si nyob ib puag ncig nws.
Muab plaub hom sib xyaw ua ke, ib qho kev sib tw ntxhib ntawm kev cia siab los ntawm qhov siab mus rau qis yog: iav (siv rau cov dej cawv tseem ceeb) siab dua ob-cov kaus poom hlau, siab dua PET lub raj mis, siab dua peb- cov kaus poom hlau thiab ntim tau yooj yim, siab dua cov thawv ntawv corrugated. Aseptic kua ntim, vim cov khoom siv xauv -nyob rau hauv, tshwj xeeb zaum ntawm qhov kawg ntawm reversed bargaining hwj chim.
Qhov qeb duas no tsuas yog tuav raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb; hloov cov xwm txheej, thiab qhov xaus rov qab. Cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua si yog cov kev hloov kho hauv qab no:
- Tus nqi dhau- dhau ntawm cov nqe lus: Cov kaus poom hlau tau ntev- cov ntawv cog lus txuas nrog cov nqi txhuas, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav fwj tsis muaj nqi sib kis. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj ncaj qha vim li cas ib tus pom cov txiaj ntsig nthuav dav thiab lwm qhov pom kev poob hauv 2025.
- Hloov cov kev taw qhia: Aluminium cov kaus poom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hloov pauv, thaum lub khob npias iav thiab cov yas tsis tu ncua tau hloov pauv. Cov qauv txiav txim siab qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo hauv kev sib tham.
- Exclusivity lossis cov cuab yeej khi: Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb ntawm peb -cov kaus poom, lossis lub tshuab ntim khoom kaw- rau hauv kev ntim cov kua aseptic, tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg siv khoom siab ntau rau hauv kev sib txuas lus rau cov neeg muag khoom; ob-cov kaus poom uas tsis muaj kev khi zoo li no poob rau hauv qis- tus nqi sib tw.
- Degree ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm kev siv: Kev sib tham txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj iav, siab - lub raj mis kawg, thiab kev ntim tshuaj kho mob muaj zog ntau dua li cov khoom siv tib yam hauv cov khoom lag luam loj - cov khoom lag luam.
- Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj hwm tus neeg yuav khoom: Thaum lub chaw xa khoom xauv- nyob rau hauv muaj zog heev, cov tuam txhab qis qis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov neeg xa khoom thib ob thiab thawb cov khoom siv hauv tsev; Cov kws tswj xyuas kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhais cov ciam teb uas siv cov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv. Tetra Pak raug nplua nyob rau hauv Suav teb thiab cov tuam txhab siv mis nyuj txhawb cov neeg muag khoom thib ob yog cov piv txwv.
Yog li ntawd, txoj hauv kev kom raug txheeb xyuas leej twg yog tus tswj hwm los ntawm cov tog neeg qis qis tsis yog xaiv cov khoom siv tab sis kom paub txog ob qho kev hloov pauv yooj yim (cov neeg siv khoom xav tau thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv), thiab tom qab ntawd txheej txheej ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi dhau - dhau los, txoj kev khi, kev siv sib txawv, thiab kev tiv thaiv cov neeg yuav khoom:
- Cov iav siv rau cov dej cawv tseem ceeb yog yuav luag tag nrho hauv qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov ntev thiab yog qhov txwv tsis pub tshaj los ntawm cov tog dej hauv qab xyoo 2025;
- Cov tuam txhab hlau thiab ntawv ua rau muaj kev sib koom siab ua kom tswj tau lossis thim rov qab kev sib raug zoo los ntawm kev sib cog lus ntev - cov ntawv cog lus, kev yuav khoom, thiab cov khoom siv xauv -hauv, tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig no tseem txwv los ntawm kev siv zog, kev txhawb nqa rau cov neeg xa khoom thib ob, thiab kev tswj hwm.
Cov khoom nws tus kheej tsis txiav txim siab txoj hmoo; nws yog cov cwj pwm no hauv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua si tsis tu ncua ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom uas txiav txim siab leej twg tswj hwm leej twg.