Tuam Tshoj, Asmeskas, thiab Europe tau nruj nruj, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov saw hlau lag luam.
2026 yuav yog "thawj xyoo ntawm kev tswj hwm" rau kev lag luam ntim thoob ntiaj teb. Kev lag luam loj xws li European Union, United Kingdom, United States, thiab Tuam Tshoj yog ib txhij ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov kev tswj hwm kev ntim khoom, tso siab rau lawv los ntawm qhov tsim qauv mus rau qhov kawg ntawm cov pov tseg.
Txoj cai tsom mus rau recyclability, reusability, tshuaj lom neeg kev nyab xeeb, labeling harmonization thiab ncua sij hawm tsim tawm lub luag hauj lwm (EPR). Qhov kev hloov kho thoob ntiaj teb no txhais tau hais tias kev ntim khoom tsis yog "cov khoom siv plhaub", tab sis tau nkag mus rau theem tshiab ntawm "lub luag haujlwm ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam ncig".
EU: PPWR cov kev cai rov tsim kho lub ntim kev lag luam
Lub EU Ntim thiab Ntim Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob (EU) 2025/40 (PPWR) tau pib siv thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2025 thiab yuav tsum tau ua tiav rau lub Yim Hli 12, 2026. Txoj cai no hloov cov qauv dhau los ntawm 1994 Cov Lus Qhia (94/62 / EC) thiab thawj zaug ncaj qha rau cov tswvcuab ntawm cov kev cai pib ntawm cov kev cai. Yuav tsum muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm EU ntim kev tswj hwm.
Cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm PPWR suav nrog:
Yuav tsum tau rov ua dua tshiab: Los ntawm 2030, tag nrho cov ntim khoom tso rau hauv khw yuav tsum muaj "kev rov ua dua tshiab"; Los ntawm 2040, tag nrho cov ntim ntim pov tseg yuav tsum tau txo los ntawm 15%.
Rov qab siv lub hom phiaj: Haus dej haus thiab ntim khoom noj yuav tsum ua kom tiav tus nqi rov qab siv tsawg kawg yog 10% los ntawm 2026 thiab 20% los ntawm 2030.
Kev txwv cov khoom phom sij: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm PFAS (ib - thiab cov tshuaj polyfluoroalkyl) hauv cov ntim khoom noj yuav tsum qis dua qhov kev txwv. plasticizers thiab hnyav hlau additives yuav phased tawm.
Unified labeling system: Ntim yuav tsum muaj EU cov ntawv cim thiab cov cim xim kom paub meej tias kev faib tawm raug rau cov neeg siv khoom.
European Commission kwv yees tias PPWR yuav txo cov ntim ntim pov tseg li ntawm 15 lab tons thiab txuag 23 billions ntawm cov nqi pov tseg ib xyoos tom qab nws siv. Rau cov tuam txhab xa tawm mus rau EU kev ua lag luam, xws li Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb, thiab ASEAN, qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov saw hlau.
UK: PEPR system tau ua tiav tag nrho, thiab cov nqi lag luam tau hloov mus rau tag nrho lub luag haujlwm
Lub Tebchaws Askiv yuav ua raws li Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Ua Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg (2024) rau kev ntim khoom thiab ntim cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm 2025, thiab yuav ua raws li Txoj Cai Ntxiv Cov Neeg Tsim Khoom Lub Luag Haujlwm (pEPR) rau ntim hauv 2026.
Qhov system xav tau:
Cov lag luam uas muaj cov ntim ntim txhua xyoo ntau dua 50 tons thiab muag ntau dua 2 lab phaus yuav tsum tau sau npe thiab tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom;
Txij xyoo 2026, cov nqi sib txawv yuav raug them raws li cov khoom ntim, kom muaj nuj nqis thiab rov ua dua tshiab;
Cov neeg tsim khoom dais tus nqi tag nrho ntawm kev sau, txheeb xyuas, rov ua dua thiab pov tseg cov khoom ntim hauv tsev.
Tam sim no, nyob ib ncig ntawm 3,000 lub tuam txhab hauv UK tau suav nrog hauv thawj daim ntawv teev npe pEPR. DEFRA kwv yees tias pEPR yuav tsim tau £ 1.7 billion hauv kev siv nyiaj pov tseg rau tsoomfwv hauv nroog txhua xyoo thiab yuav txhawb nqa lub teb chaws ntim cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm tam sim no 63% mus rau ntau dua 80%. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ntim rov ua dua tshiab (xws li PET ib leeg, ntawv-raws li qauv) yog qis dua li ntawm ntau- cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, yuam cov tuam txhab los txhim kho kev ntim khoom tsim thiab cov saw hlau ua ntej.
Tuam Tshoj: Txhim kho kev tsim kho ntawm cov ntim ntsuab thiab EPR tshuab
Tuam Tshoj yog nyob rau theem ntawm kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ntim khoom. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke "Packaging Waste Law", nws suav nrog ntau- theem kev tswj hwm lub luag haujlwm nrog "Txoj Cai Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam", "Txoj Cai Pov Hwm Pov Hwm thiab Tswj Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv," "Txoj Cai Lij Choj rau Kev Txwv Tsis Pub Tshaj Tawm Ntawm Cov Khoom Muag", thiab "Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem ntawm "Plastic Restriction Order" ua qhov tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, "Green Packaging Evaluation Guidelines" thiab "Express Packaging Recycling Pilot Implementation Plan" tau koom ua ke los ntawm Lub Xeev Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Lag Luam, Lub Chaw Xa Ntawv, Ministry of Ecology thiab Ib puag ncig thiab lwm lub tuam tsev tau qhia meej:
Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2025, cov tuam txhab lag luam e- tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev xa khoom xa tawm yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov khoom ntim rov ua dua tshiab ntawm ntau dua 30%;
Los ntawm 2026, kev siv tus nqi ntawm cov ntim ncig hauv cov chaw xa khoom loj thoob plaws lub tebchaws yuav ntau dua 50%;
Lub ntim tsis muaj qhov sib piv, txheej txheej thiab tus nqi sib piv yuav suav nrog hauv qhov kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm kev tsav tsheb EPR txij li xyoo 2016, suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, roj teeb, tsheb thiab qee qhov ntim khoom. Raws li Ministry of Ecology thiab Ib puag ncig, nws yuav nthuav dav rau zaub mov, dej haus, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab e- ntim khoom lag luam los ntawm 2025. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm "leej twg tsim tawm, leej twg rov ua dua tshiab" yog maj mam siv.
Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm 2024, tus nqi tso tawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam ntim tau tshaj 2.4 trillion yuan, nrog cov ntawv - ntim cov yas ntim rau ntau tshaj 70%. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm convergence ntawm ntsuab ntim thiab thoob ntiaj teb cov kev cai, cov kev lag luam saw yog hloov los ntawm "qis-nqi expansion" mus rau "siab-kev ua raws cai thiab recycling".
Tebchaws Meskas: Lub Xeev cov cai tswjfwm, EPR nkag mus rau lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav
Tsis zoo li EU txoj cai tswjfwm hauv nruab nrab, Tebchaws Meskas tsis muaj ib lub koomhaum tseemfwv qib siab -txoj cai ntim khoom, nrog rau kev tswj hwm feem ntau yog cov xeev. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2025, 12 lub xeev tau txwv ib zaug - siv npuas dej, thiab ntau dua 20 lub xeev tau txwv lossis txwv PFAS- ntim khoom noj.
Tam sim no, plaub lub xeev hauv Tebchaws Meskas (California, Maine, Oregon, thiab Colorado) tau tshaj tawm daim nqi EPR, xav kom cov neeg tsim khoom ntim tau them tus nqi pov tseg, thiab ntau dua 10 lub xeev nyob rau theem kev tsim cai lij choj. Cov qauv ntawm txhua lub xeev sib txawv heev, thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm sib txawv, tsim cov qauv ntawm "ntau- taug qab kev saib xyuas sib luag thiab sib cais".
Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua raws cai tau dhau los ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov khw muag khoom Asmeskas Walmart, Coca-Cola, Starbucks, thiab lwm yam tau cog lus rau pej xeem tias lawv cov ntawv ntim khoom ntiag tug yuav yog 100% recyclable lossis compostable los ntawm 2025. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) kuj tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv Sustainable Packaging Action Framework uas los ntawm 2030, ntau tshaj li 50% ntawm lub teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ntim. rov ua dua.
Txoj cai sib luag thiab txoj hauv kev: los ntawm kev tswj hwm kawg mus rau qhov tsim
Saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb txoj cai tiam sis, European Union, United Kingdom, Tuam Tshoj, thiab Tebchaws Meskas tau nthuav tawm peb cov lus qhia txawm hais tias lawv cov qauv sib txawv:
EPR legalization thiab nqi internalization: cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ris lub luag haujlwm rau tag nrho lub neej ntawm kev tswj cov khib nyiab, thiab tus nqi txuas nrog cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab;
Digitalization thiab daim ntawv lo pob tshab: EU's Digital Product Passport (DPP) thiab Tuam Tshoj's Green Packaging Traceability System tab tom tsim kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib koom ua ke.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab txheej txheem kev tsim kho tshiab: ntawv-cov roj raws li- pov thawj ntim, bio-raws li plastics, ib leeg polyolefin composite films, thiab cov tshuab luam dej digital (xws li EU "HolyGrail 2.0") tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho.
Cov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov tuam txhab xa tawm hauv Suav teb tau nrawm lawv cov kev hloov kho. Piv txwv li, Amcor tau cog lus tias yuav siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab hauv 30% ntawm nws cov ntim los ntawm 2027; UFlex, Billerud thiab lwm lub tuam txhab tau nqis peev ntau rau hauv daim ntawv -cov ntaub ntawv yas thiab cov txheej txheem ua yeeb yaj kiab ib zaug. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no tau dhau los ua ob lub ntsiab lus rau kev ua raws cai thiab kev sib tw.
Cov ntsiab lus: Los ntawm "Lub Hnub nyoog ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom" mus rau "Lub Hnub Nyoog ntawm Lub Luag Haujlwm"
Lub nthwv dej ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ntim khoom thoob ntiaj teb no, uas yuav siv tag nrho los ntawm 2026, cim tias kev lag luam ntim tau zoo siab rau qhov qub piv txwv ntawm "qis- nqi, pov tseg" thiab nkag mus rau theem tshiab nrog kev lag luam ncig, kev ua raws li kev ua raws cai, thiab lub luag haujlwm tag nrho raws li qhov tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev ntim khoom tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho khoom siv rau cov khoom, tab sis kuj yog ib qho kev xav txog kev siv cov peev txheej, txo cov pa roj carbon emissions thiab kev lav phib xaub ntawm kev lag luam. Los ntawm EU's PPWR, mus rau Tuam Tshoj lub tswv yim ntim ntsuab, los ntawm UK's pEPR, mus rau kev cai lij choj hauv zos hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lub ntiaj teb ntim kev lag luam saw tau raug hloov kho rau hauv ib qho kev siv thev naus laus zis- tsav, kev tswj hwm, thiab lub luag haujlwm- sib koom ecosystem.
2026 yuav dhau los ua qhov pib tiag tiag rau kev lag luam ntim thoob ntiaj teb kom txav los ntawm "era ntawm kev tsim khoom loj" mus rau "lub sijhawm ntawm lub luag haujlwm".