1.8 billion cov khoom khib nyiab yuav tsum muab ntxiv rau "cov nqi pov tseg khib nyiab" rau ib lub sij hawm ntim?
Peb yog ib lub tuam txhab luam ntawv loj hauv Shenzhen Tuam Tshoj. Peb muaj cov phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv xov xwm luam ntawv, phau ntawv luam ntawv, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, lub thawv ntim, daim qhia ntawv, txhua yam ntawm PVC, cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv sau cia, hom tshwj xeeb ntawv xim luam tawm khoom, kev ua si cardand li ntawd.
Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov mus saib
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Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13th, thib peb hnub tom qab lub "Ob Kaum Ib Kiag", Zhang Sheng (pseudonym) cia siab rau cov khoom noj khoom haus ua lag luam kom txais tos lub caij nyoog tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo.
Nyob ze rau yav tsaus ntuj, daim duab thiab cov thawv ntawv sau los ntawm cov lag luam loj thiab me thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev nyob ze rau pib thauj mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm nws lub tsev rau khoom. Lub ces kaum ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv tau txeeb nrog ntau yam "xim" courier ntim cov thawv ntawv. Zhang Sheng tau ntsia tus piled li "Express Mountain" thiab nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw rau corrugated cardboard. Cov tsom pib txhaws tawm.
"Peb tsis nyiam nyiam qhov thawv rau tus neeg xa khoom." Zhang Sheng hais me ntsis me ntsis.
"Los ntawm cov ntawv yuav tsum tau muaj cov ntawv xa tuaj, cov npov no tsis muaj nuj nqis." Tshaj tawm cov nqi ntawm daim ntawv tau poob xyoo no. Zhang Sheng piav qhia txij li thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj xyoo 2018, qhov rov qab pib ntawm cov ntaub qhwv to corrugated los kuj tau poob. loj heev. Thaum lub sij hawm "Ob Kaum Ib Kawg", qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov thawv ntim ntau dua, tab sis vim qhov loj thiab me me, thiab tuav cov ntaub nplaum thiab cov qauv luam tawm, cov nyiaj rov qab ua dua.
Qhov poob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ub khoom no yog ib qho teeb meem tshiab hauv kev siv zauv ntawm "Express Waste".
Nws yog to taub hais tias cov khoom ntim uas siv hauv cov xaib kev lag luam raug muab faib ua 7 pawg: thauj cov ntawv, hnab ntawv, ntawv ntim, hnab yas, ntim cov nplaum, cov thaws thiab lub ncoo. Yav dhau los, raws li Zhu Lei, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm pawg neeg tshawb fawb ntawm "Kev Npaj Ua Lag Luam rau Kev Tawm Tsaj Ua Noob Ua Ntej Hauv Kev Ua Lag Luam" thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Qingdao Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Tshawb Nrhiav Pej Xeem, qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntawv xa rov qab thiab plastics hauv Suav teb tus xa kev lag luam yog tsawg dua 10%. Ncaj nraim xa mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg rau qhov chaw pov tseg, ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau lub nroog ib puag ncig. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txhua tus nqi rov qab los ntawm cov khoom ntim hauv suav teb yog tsawg dua 20%.
Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib tug ntau dua qhia meej recycling kev lag luam saw?
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm Lub Xeev Lub Post Office thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 12, thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11, cov lag luam loj e-commerce tau ua 1.352 billion tus neeg xa cov khoom xa tuaj txhua hnub, ib xyoo nce ntxiv ntawm 25.12%. Nws tau kwv yees tias txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11 txog 16, kev xa ntawv thiab cov xaib xa muag xa ntawv tshaj tawm yuav tshaj 1.87 billions, nce 25% ntawm tib lub sij hawm xyoo tas los.
Tom qab lub ncov ntawm khw, muaj ntau tus nqi "coupon" uas yuav tsum tau siv dua.
Nyob rau hauv Zhang Sheng lub tsev txawb rau kis tau daim duab, qhov tseem kim tshaj ntawm cov hom ntawv pov tseg uas nws tswj kom rov ua dua yog cov khoom siv corrugated uas yog nyob ze cov factories. Hauv kev sib piv, qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm ib lub tsev qiv ntawv yog muab khawb. Tus nqi yuav khoom ntawm lub thawv ntawv yuav qis dua.
"Piv nrog rau thawv, nthuav qhia ntawv yog 500 yuan cheaper per ton, thiab cov paj tau paj yog nyias." Zhang Sheng hais tias tus tshaaj ntawm kev tshaj tawm lub thawv ntim tsis muaj nqi zoo dua nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam tam sim no rov qab, tom qab tau txais kev lag luam rov qab Xav tau kom tshem tawm kab xev, yas thiab lwm yam kev khib nyiab, tab sis cia Zhang Sheng pab tsis tau, muaj tseeb meej tias ntau dua thawv ntawv, "qhov ntau koj tsis tau nyiaj, yim koj tuaj."
Qhov "tawm los" ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab tam sim no yog nce xyoo ib xyoo, thiab maj mam ua lub ntsiab ntawm cov nroog tshiab khib nyiab.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm State Post Bureau, txij lub 1 Hlis txog rau Lub Yim Hli Ntuj xyoo 2018, lub teb chaws txoj kev xa cov lag luam tiav tau tiav 30.26 billion pieces, nce 27.2%. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv Suav teb, qhov nce ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg yog 93 feem pua ntawm cov khoom pov tseg, thiab hauv qee lub nroog loj nws yog 85% txog 90%.
Ib sab yog qhov nce ntxiv uas tsis tuaj yeem raug suppressed, thiab lwm sab yog tsis muaj kev tsim kho ntawm cov khib nyiab.
Wen Zongguo, tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Chaw Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Lag Luam hauv Tsinghua University, tau hais tias tsuas yog hais txog ib lub quarter ntawm cov thawv ntawv thaij rau hauv khw muag khoom, thiab lwm lub peb lub hlis tau nkag mus rau Tuam Tshoj lub cev tu cev, qee yam ntawm tau rov qab siv , thiab lwm tus tau rov qab siv dua. Nws yog siv los ua chaw pov tseg los yog raug cuam tshuam.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag, cov hauj lwm ntawm kev ntim cov thawv ntim thiab cov khib nyiab tsuas yog cia rau cov ntawv xa tuaj xws li Zhang Sheng kom tau txais kev lag luam, thiab lub zog rov qab tsim los ntawm qhov chaw ua lag luam. Piv nrog rau kev nthuav qhia cov khib nyiab, nws lub hwj chim tsis muaj txaus thiab nws yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb xyuas, tom qab ntau daim ntawv nqi nqi thiab tshaj plawg txij li thaum xyoo 2016, ntau cov kev lag luam hauv chaw lag luam thiab cov khw muag khoom lag luam pib txuas cov khoom siv mus rau cov khw muag khoom txawv teb chaws Asmeskas thiab Nyab Laj. thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam.
Ib qho kev lag luam insider uas thov kom tsis txhob raug lub npe tau hais tias tus nqi tam sim no ntawm cov thawv ntawv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas yog vim qhov nce ntawm qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws. Nrog txoj kev lag luam tshiab ntawm cov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm cov lag luam downstream, kev sib tw ntawm domestic pulp mills tau nce, thiab cov nqi ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov khoom muag tau poob qis. Nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, rov qab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus qaub ncaug tuaj yeem yog qhov tsawg. Thiab qhov no sib "yav tom ntej yuav yog ib lub xeev."
"Ua ntej, qhov rov ua dua ib ton yog 2,600 yuan, thiab tam sim no nws yog li 1,800 yuan ib tuj. Thaum lub sijhawm qis tshaj, nws tau poob rau 1,400 yuan ib tuj. "Zhang Sheng hais tias qhov txo qis rau ntawm cov khoom siv roj thiab cov thawv ntawv tau nce, thiab lub khw tau nrhiav tau Lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom ntim nrog cov nqi qis thiab qis dua profit margins yog txawm tsawg optimistic.
Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib qho kev tsim ub no zoo dua qub?
Hauv kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, yuav luag tag nrho cov khib nyiab tawm yog cov khoom siv uas rov qab siv tau thiab rov qab siv dua tshiab, uas txawv ntawm qhov chaw ua qias tuaj yeem ua rau cov khib nyiab hauv tsev.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub nroog khib nyiab yog pom tseeb ntawm "kem plab."
Wang Hui, ib tug xibfwb nyob hauv Shanghai University Kawm Txog Kev Kawm Ntawv, hais tias, ntawm qhov ib sab, qhov kev txhawb nqa tseem tsis zoo tag nrho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cai thiab kev tswjfwm uas hais txog kev siv cov thawv xa khoom tuaj tsis zoo; ntawm lwm qhov, tsis tau txhim kho, thiab ntau cov khoom siv khib nyiab pov tseg thiab Feem ntau, cov khib nyiab pov tseg yog tib yam nkaus li, thiab tsev neeg tsis muaj kev sib cais thiab kev kho rov los tsev tsis tau tsim.
"Tam sim no, txoj kev lag luam tseem tsis muaj qee txoj cai los tiv thaiv quab yuam, thiab ntau tshaj yog ob txoj kev tsav tsheb ntawm kev tswj tus kheej thiab kev lag luam mechanism." Wang Hui qhia cov ntawv tshaj xo hais tias, cov neeg qhuab qhia thiab kev ua lag luam muaj qee cov kev txwv. . Los ntawm cov kev xam pom ntawm cov tuam txhab, lub degree ntawm decentralization ntawm lub lag luam e-commerce yog tus loj, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua cov ntawv ntim cov xim ntsuab. Rau cov neeg siv tib co neeg, kev siv cov cuab yeej ua lag luam los txhawm rau nthuav qhia cov khib nyiab feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Qhov nqi ntawm cov khoom ub tsis tau siab thiab tsis muaj lub zog txaus thiab nws yog "tsis yoojyim txaus".
Lub hnab thaij nthuav qhia hauv Zhang Sheng lub tsev khaws khoom tshiab tsis muaj cov neeg tuaj yeem coj qhov pib mus muag.
"Lub tswv yim ntawm pov tseg cais thiab recycling nyob rau hauv cov neeg zoo tib yam tsis tau tiag tiag tsim, thiab tsis muaj ib tug yuav muag li ib ntev txoj kev rau ob peb nyiaj muag." Zhang Sheng hais.
Wang Hui hais tias e-lag luam tuam txhab, logistics companies thiab hauv tsoom fwv hauv zos muaj lub luag hauj lwm los tsim kom muaj qhov sib xws ntawm cov khib nyiab sib sau ua ke kom daws tau cov teeb meem yooj yim ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv cov neeg koom rau hauv cov khib nyiab, tam sim no hauv cheeb tsam. Nkag mus rau hauv zej zos.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau hais ntxiv txog kev nrhiav cov kauj vuam dua tshiab raws li kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm kev xa tawm.
"Thaum tus neeg tau txais kev tso cai muab cov lus txib, qhov kev cai coj los sib txuas tau tuaj yeem luam tawm ntawm lub thawv thiab ib qho nqi them nyiaj yuav raug them. Tom qab tus neeg tau txais kev pab qhia tias tau txais daim ntawv txais nyiaj, lub hnab xa mus rau qhov chaw muab khoom coj mus txhuam thiab ua dua tshiab. Koj tuaj yeem tsis txhob ntim cov nqi ntawm lub khw qub dhau los. "Wang Hui qhia tias cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam tsis tsuas yog qhia cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj, tabsis kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa cov ntaub ntawv, uas cia cov neeg tau txais kev koom tes rau hauv qhov kev ua tiav kawg ntawm cov khib nyiab , tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo dua ntxiv thiab muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.
Xia Xuemin, kws tshawb fawb ntawm Zhejiang University lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai, kuj ntseeg tias cov nqi ntim rau lub lag luam online tuaj yeem khij nyias, muab cov kev xaiv ntawm cov ntawv ntim khoom siv thiab cov thawv rau ntsuab, nqi. Ras txog.
"Rau cov khoom ntim khoom siv hauv online, cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem paub meej txog cov nqi khib nyiab ntej." Xia Xuemin tau hais tias kev siv nyiaj txiag siv dag zog yuam cov khoom ntiag tug kom ceev tau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev ua lag luam muaj qee qhov kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov tseeb, qee cov lag luam e-lag luam yog tshawb txog kev tsim ub no nthuav qhia. Pib txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj 2017, Jingdong Logistics cov lag luam ua lag luam nyob rau hauv B2C tus kheej ua lag luam tsav tsheb mus rau lub voj voog "Qingliu Box".
"Cov neeg siv tau xaiv seb puas yuav siv 'recycling packaging' thaum koj tau txais, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Beijing taum tom qab coj." Jingdong Logistics tus neeg saib xyuas cov neeg ua haujlwm tau tshaj tawm tias yav tom ntej Jingdong Logistics yuav pab txhawb kev lag luam B2B hom nyob hauv kev lag luam, ntxiv rau kev pab txhawb tus kheej Kev tawm tswv yim rau kev lag luam, nws npaj siab yuav qhib qhov system no rau cov lag luam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Suning txhawb nqa qhov kev pabcuam ntawm "express phrase box", lub tswv yim cog qoob los txhim kho 5,000 chaw noj zaub ntsuab tshiab nyob hauv 200 lub nroog, thiab txhua yam uas tau sim rov qab ua dua lub hnab ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyuaj ntawm "reverse logistics" kuaj xyuas kev muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua qhov chaw thiab nce nqi ntawm lub tuam txhab.
"Cov tub ceev xwm cov neeg xa khoom loj yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom zoo li thaj tsam kom raws li cov cai kom ua tiav thiab rov qab siv cov khoom ntim." Tshooj 52 ntawm "Electronic Commerce Law ntawm Tib neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Tuam Tshoj" kom coj los siv.
Tam sim no, nws zoo nkaus li tias tseem tshuav txoj kev mus cuag lub hom phiaj no.