Cov nyhuv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua xa tawm rau kev luam zoo
Peb yog ib lub lag luam loj hauv Shenzhen Tuam Tshoj. Peb muaj cov phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam ntawv, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, lub thawv ntim, daim qhia ntawv, txhua yam ntawm PVC, cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv sau cia, hom tshwj xeeb ntawv xim luam tawm khoom, kev ua si cardand li ntawd.
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Ua ntej, qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas cov duab luam yuav tsum tau ua
Kev lag luam luam muag tau hloov zuj zus hauv kev lag luam ntau heev. Qhov tseeb, luam tawm tuaj yeem ua tiav tshwj tsis yog tias dej thiab cua, tab sis nws tsis yooj yim ua kom tiav ntawm cov luam tawm thiab cov qauv tseem. Siv lithographic offset luam ntawv, thiab ntau yam ntawm nws cov kev txwv tsis tau hloov radically. Muaj ntau ntau yam teeb meem uas tsis muaj teeb meem hauv kev tua cov khoom luam tawm. Cov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ua ntej kom zoo siab yuav luam tawm. Cov khoom, cov kev txwv no muaj xws li cov nram qab no.
1. Cov xim thiab lub suab nrov ntawm qhov teeb meem luam tawm txawv ntawm qhov xim thiab lub suab ntawm yam tseem ceeb.
Ua ntej txhua yam, qhov offset tsis tau tag nrho cov xim ntawm qhov, tab sis tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov xim, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam tsis xws luag tus number case, ntawv thiab luam ntawv siv los siv luam ntawv. Cov duab daj, magenta, cyan, thiab dub ua tau siv hauv kev luam tawm muaj qhov tsis txawv ntawm cov xim rendering, thiab qhov kev nkhaus spectral ntawm qhov zoo tagnrho daj, magenta, thiab cyan yog tsis tiav, uas yog, qhov tseeb xim zoo li ntawm qhov yog tsis tiav. Qhov tseeb tus cwj mem tsis tsuas yog absorbs lub teeb nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam spectral uas yuav tsum tau absorbed, tab sis kuj absorbs lub teeb nyob rau hauv lwm regions spectral. Qhov ncaj qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog tias cov hawj thiab saturation ntawm tus cwj mem yog nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tagnrho peb cov thawj xim, thiab cov ntawv sau yog siv los qhia qhov Hawj thiab qhov kev sib tw, yog li cov xim ua haujlwm ntawm cov cwj mem ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub siab ncaj ntawm daim tseem ntawv. Kev luam tawm nrog thawj xim phom nrog "tshaj" kev yoojyim hauv kev ua haujlwm tsim "xim ua haujlwm" uas zoo heev nrawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov ntawv luam. Qhov ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev ntawm tus cwj pwm no yog vim cov kev txwv ntawm yam xws li cov pigments thiab kev tsim kev ua. Qhov xim "ntxiv" ntawm daj number case yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, yog li qhov kev ua hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tus lej magenta yog tus thib ob, thiab cov cyan cuav muaj qhov phem tshaj kev ua haujlwm kev ua tau zoo.
Qhov thib ob, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm yog tsim los ntawm cov xim ntawm daim ntawv, uas yog, daim ntawv kuj koom rau hauv cov tsim xim. Tom qab ntawd, yog hais tias qhov dawb ntawm daim ntawv yog txawv, nws yuav cuam tshuam cov xim ci thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm cov duab ntawm daim duab, uas yuav cuam tshuam cov xim txawv ntawm daim duab. Zoo sib xws, nws muaj ntau yam ua nrog kev ntxhib los mos ntawm daim ntawv. Cov ntawv ceeb toom yog ib yam khoom ntxeem tau. Tus cwj mem yog yooj yim absorbed los ntawm fiber ntau, ua rau lub siab kub ntawm scattering ntawm daim ntawv luam tawm, uas txo cov ntawv ceev. Lub cheeb tsam dub yuav tsum tsis yog dub txaus, tab sis tus thiab coated. Cov ntaub ntawv coated, tus number case yog adsorbed rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab lub teeb tseem tawg me me, kom lub suab tsaus nti "darker" thiab lacks cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas txoj kev siv luam tawm kuj muaj kev ntxim ntxub rau ntau yam ntawm Hawj. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm phaj txiav thiab luam ntawv, cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo yog yooj yim polarized, uas yog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo tau yooj yim poob.
Rau cov nqe lus saum toj no, nws yuav luag tsis txaus rau cov ntawv luam tawm thiab cov duab qub kom ncav cuag tib lub suab sib txawv. Yog li, qhov kev sib txuas lus ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov ntawv luam tawm yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo, yog li ntawd cov ntawv luam tawm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li ib txwm muaj, qhov ceev ntawm tus thawj yuav ncav cuag 3.0 los yog siab dua, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov teeb meem luam tawm tsuas yog muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 1.8 los yog 2.0, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tsawg dua qhov ntau ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, yog li cas cov ntawv luam tawm tiag tiag restore thawj, los yog yuav ua li cas muab nws zoo dua, Qhov no yog ib tug shortcoming ntawm tus txheej txheem luam ntawv tam sim no thiab tuaj yeem raug muab luam tawm.
2. Cov xim xim ntawm daim duab thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv
Thaum peb txheej txheem cov duab ntawm cov zaub, yog tias cov zaub zoo li, cov xim ntawm daim duab kuj zoo li qub, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau hais tias xim yog tib yam tom qab daim duab luam tawm. Vim cov ntawv siv xim thiab xim kom ncav xim, Printing siv cov xim sib cais kom ncav xim, vim li ntawd cov xim xim yuav txawv. Qhov tseeb, tus cwj mem xaws los siv rau hauv kev luam ntawv yuav tsum muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov xim, uas yog, yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov txho tshauv ntawm tus cwj pwm siv. Luv luv, grey tshuav nyiaj li cas hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xim uas tsim muaj xim grey. Piv txwv, hauv RGB xim-ntxiv chaw, thaum RGB peb xim uas muaj qhov sib npaug zoo li sib xyaw, grey yog generated, thiab xim liab, ntsuab, thiab xiav xim uas muaj qhov ci ntsa rau 200 yog tib yam li qhov 25% grey. Qhov grey ntawm no yog hu ua nruab nrab grey, uas yog lub suab txho xim uas tsis muaj xim thaij. Yog tias koj muab 210 liab, 200 ntsuab, 200 xiav, qhov no yuav ua rau sov (liab tiv thaiv) grey. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo li grey, ua tau nrog ib tug liab pliv grey, tsis muaj qhov nruab nrab txho. Lub teeb xim yog siv ntawm no. Hauv RGB xim ntxiv qhov chaw, peb xim tsuas yog xav kom muab ntxiv rau hauv cov nyiaj sib npaug los ua qhov nruab nrab grey. Txawm li cas los, thaum nkag mus rau hauv CMYK luam ntawv, qhov teeb meem no tsis yooj yim li. Tus nqi ntawm daj, xim daj, thiab ntsuab tsis tsim cov xim nruab nrab. Lawv ua ib qho sib dua, ntxhuav, brownish grey es tsis yog ib qho grey tiag tiag. Yog vim li cas ho yog vim tsis haum lub teeb xim ntawm tus cwj pwm uas tau piav saum toj no (curve spectral ntawm tus number case tsis zoo), uas yog, los ntawm lub impureness ntawm tus cwj pwm siv, nyob rau hauv lub CMYK qhov chaw ntawm lub txav, mus muab tau qhov xim txho, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txhim kho Qhov nyiaj ntsuab ntau. Cov cyan ntau dhau qhov ua rau lwm ob xim, piv txwv, 30% cyan, 2l% magenta, thiab 21% daj sib xyaw kom tsim tau 30% nruab nrab cov ntoo, yog tias nws yog 30% cyan, 30% magenta, thiab 30% resulting cov ntoo tshauv yuav muaj xim dub xim. Rau ib hom mis ntawm cov khoom muag, CMY tus nqi ntawm cov xim grey mixed yog qhov tas li, uas yog, qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm ib lub cwj mem xaj yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog li ntawd peb yuav ntsuas tau qhov txho tshauv ntawm tus cwj mem, thiab raws li qhov sib npaug Qhov duab yog kho kom tus duab yuav tsum muab luam tawm tau qhov tseeb ntawm cov xim ntawm cov xim tom qab kho, uas ua rau tus kho raws ntawm tus cwj mem, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov lej tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm cov hom ntau hom ntawm tus cwj pwm yog txawv.
3. Dot ntxiv teeb meem
Offset printing siv qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub siab kom rho cov lej. Thaum twg tus number case yog pauv mus rau ntawm daim ntawv nyob rau hauv siab, ib qho me me ntawm expansion tshwm sim vim muaj yam xws li lub siab. Qee tus cwj mem yog absorbed rau hauv daim ntawv fibers thiab kuj ua rau lub teeb duab kom nce. Vim tias qhov teeb meem me me ncaj nraim ntsig txog lub suab thiab hawj, qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov yuav tau ua kom tag nrho cov duab tsaus nti. Obviously, rau cov nqe lus saum toj no, ntau cov txiaj ntsim kev nce siab yuav raug tsim tawm rau cov ntawv luam sib txawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv. Ntxiv rau, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg muaj kev sib raug zoo, thiab qhov nce qhov tsim tau los ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thiab tus cwj mem feem ntau pom muaj qee txoj cai nthuav tawm. Lwm yam uas yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cov zis tawm thiab cov luam ntawv, qhov loj me tuaj yeem nce vim yog khoom thiab khoom siv.
Qhov kev nce qhov nqis yog kev tsis pom zoo tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kev tshaj tawm hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv. Thiaj li muab tsim dua cov xim thiab theem ntawm daim tseem, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv rau cov khoom ntawm qhov nce nyiaj hauv cov txheej txheem prepress. Txoj kev them nyiaj raug mob yuav siv ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav nrawm, los yog cov nyiaj raug mob yuav muab ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej thaum lub sij hawm ua thiab tom qab ntawd yuav tau them lub sij hawm luam tawm thiab yees duab.
Ntxiv rau cov teeb meem saum toj no, muaj teeb meem xws li kev tswj ntawm tus nqi ntawm tus lej thiab daim ntawv teev npe luam ntawv.
Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, peb lub ntsiab xim ntawm CMY pigments yuav restore xim xim uas peb xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov ntawv luam tawm, K yog ntxiv tsis txaus. Yog vim li cas ntau yam, yog li kuv yuav tsis rov ua lawv nyob ntawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum luam tawm nrog CMYK number case, ntau cov phev yuav ua rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus, thiab yuav pom cov xim dub. Thaum twg, piv txwv li, cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, tsuas yog K yog deb ntawm cov dub, nws yog feem ntau tsim nyog siv C50M50Y50K50, lossis txawm tias C100M100Y100K100, uas yog tsawg kawg 200% los sis 400% ntawm tus lej txaj. Vim tias txawv substrates muaj ntau qhov sib txawv (piv txwv, cov ntawv xov xwm khaws khiab mis ntau dua cov ntaub ntawv qib siab), yog tias tsis muaj kev ntsuas los tswj tus nqi ntawm cov zauv uas siv rau, qhov chaw tsaus yuav raug muab pov tseg thiab qis dua yuav poob. Vim li no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab tus nqi ntawm tus cwj pwm hauv cov ntawv ua cov ntawv ua ntej.
Qhov teeb meem sau npe yog qhov yuam kev tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog los ntawm cov khoom siv luam ntawv, thiab tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev luam ntawv. Qhov teeb meem sau npe yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw luam ntawv thaum lub rooj plaub sib cais sib cais muab luam tawm cais xim. Qhov teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-precision xim luam ntawv, yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau cov tsos ntawm cov khoom tiav yog tias nws tsis nyob. Hauv kev npaj ua ntej, kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo thaum lub overprinting tsis yog muaj tseeb, cov teeb meem no yuav tsum raug xam tias yog thiab dealt nrog rau kev tsim thiab xa tawm cov xim hauv cov xim xim demanding, uas yog kev tso cov txheej txheem. Muaj ntau tus neeg tsis to taub txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg tsim graphic designers loj heev, ua rau qee qhov tseem ceeb thaum teeb tsa, yog li yuav muaj teebmeem loj, nws zoo dua tsis ua rau cov chaw no.
Thib ob, ua ntej cov txheej txheem digital
Qhov kev tshaj tawm cov duab ntawm cov duab yuav tsum yog feem ntau ntawm cov duab hierarchy, xim thiab ntse. Yog tias cov duab zoo dua hauv cov no, nws yog ib qho duab uas ua tau raws li kev cai luam ntawv raws li cov ntawv luam tawm thawj. Raws li kev cai luam ntawv, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo muab cov ntawv sau tseg, tiam sis cov kev txwv ntawm kev luam ntawv qhia rau peb tias nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, yog li ntawd qhov kev pom zoo ntawm qhov muag pom yog qhov zoo rau qhov kev rov qab ncaj ncees, tiam sis vim ntawm txhua tus cwj pwm tsis pom kev thiab kev siv yeeb yam zoo nkauj. Txhua tus neeg nyias txawv nyias thaum kho. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsuas yog piav tau zoo xwb.
1. Duab teeb siab
Cov theem ntawm kev hloov yog los nrog lub siab tseem ceeb, nruab nrab-laus thiab cov ntsiab lus tsaus nti ntawm daim duab, thiab muab tsim ua ntau ntau li ntau tau. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, feem ntau, qhov kub ntawm qhov tseem yuav ncav cuag 3.0 lossis siab dua, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tuaj yeem tsuas ncav cuag 1.8 lossis 2.0. Qhov ceev ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm tsawg dua qhov ntau ntawm qhov xub thawj, thiab qib yuav tsum tau muab sib tov. Yuav ua li cas luam tawm qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm kom zoo dua qub, txoj kev uas peb siv tam sim no yog siv cov txheej txheem kom nruj, lub hom phiaj yog ua kom pom qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv luam yuav luag ze qhov kev pom ntawm thawj. Qhov pom kev zoo ntawm no yog hais txog kev txiav txim ntawm peb ob lub qhov muag. Tsis txhob ntsuas nws nrog qhov ntsuas ceev, nws txhais tau hais tias "nws zoo nkaus li txuam nrog cov nyhuv" txawm tias nws ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj. Image level adjustment yuav analyzed los ntawm ob yam nram qab no.
1.1 lub teeb siab, tsaus tone calibration
Highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tsaus ua tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab. Lawv kuj hu ua cov xim dub thiab dub. Yog hais tias cov duab yuav raug kho rau siv luam ntawv, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov yuav ua li cas muab cov kev cai tseem ceeb thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxoo. Vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim duab luam tawm, thaj chaw uas feem ntau muaj zog dua li 3% mus rau 5% tsis yog luam tawm, uas yog, thaj tsam ntawm 3% mus rau 5% ua 0%, uas yog, dawb ntawm daim ntawv, yog li hais tias daim duab no qaim. Cov theem ntawm cheeb tsam yuav poob. Conversely, ntau tshaj 95% ntawm qhov chaw tsaus yuav muab luam tawm li 100% dub, thiab qhov no ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj tseem yuav poob. Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev luam ntawv. Txhawm rau kom them nyiaj rau cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm no, nws yuav tsum ua kom hierarchical compression ntawm daim duab rau luam, piv txwv, compressing 0% dawb mus rau 5% grey, 100% dub. Compressed rau 95% tsaus tsaus, tsis tas 0% lossis 100% ntawm no, feem ntau yog 2% lossis 98%.
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tsim cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo rau luam ntawv thaum lub sij hawm duab ua yog siv lub highlight thiab tsaus dropper hauv Photoshop. Muaj cov cuab yeej dropper hauv cov Curves thiab cov cuab yeej Theem hauv Photoshop. Ib qho ntawm lawv lub luag haujlwm yog ua kom txawj ntse. Nws yog siv los teeb lub ncej kom cov hawj ntawm cov ncej ntawm daim duab yuav muab faib raws li qhov khwv tau los ntawm tus ncej. Qhov chaw ntawm tus ncej colour nqi yog nyob ntawm cov kev cai luam tawm. Yog tsis muaj cov qauv zoo. Feem ntau, feem ntau siv CMYK qhov nqi muaj peev xwm muab teem rau 5, 3, 3, 0, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqi tsaus nti tau teem rau 65, 53, 51, 95 los sis 95, 85, 85, 80. up, cias ob npaug-nias rau ntawm lub ntsiab lus thiab tsaus nti hauv Curves thiab Theem cov cuab yeej thiab nkag mus rau qhov chaw. Yog hais tias qhov chaw nyob hauv RGB xim hom, cov RGB tshaj qhov ntsiab lus yog 244, 244, thiab 244, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov maub uas muaj hnub ci ntom nti muaj 10, 10, thiab 10, thiab tib lub teeb tsa. Tom qab teeb tsa tus taw poob siab, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog nias rau ntawm cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo hauv daim duab nrog cov xim thiab tsaus nti. Yog li cas koj txiav txim siab cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo hauv daim duab?
Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem to taub tias cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau muab faib ua ob hom: ib qho yog qhov tsis muaj ntaub ntawv, uas yog, 0%, uas yog hu ua specular highlight; lwm qhov yog lub teeb ci teeb ci nrog rau cov lus qhia nrog kev nthuav dav, hu ua tawg nto. Los txiav txim siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev luam yog ua kom pom qhov tsim nyog txav highlights hauv daim duab, qhov no yuav siv tau rau hauv Photoshop los xyuas qhov xim ntawm qhov tseem ceeb nrawm highlights siv lub cuab yeej seem los txiav txim tias nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luam tawm ( 5% ~ 95%), yog tias nws tsis hloov kho rau hauv cov kev khwv nyiaj no, yog hais tias qhov tawg tseem ceeb tsis nyob rau hauv kev luam ntau, xws li 2%, thiab qhov no tseem ceeb, koj yuav tsum luam, ntawm lub diffuse highlight ntawm daim duab, thiab xaiv lub duab ntxoov ntxoo ncej thiab txhais nws nrog ib tus neeg tsaus nti. Tom qab ob lub highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo uas peb xaiv tau txhais, lub hue ntawm cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm daim duab yuav muab faib raws li qhov ntau tau teev los ntawm cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo, uas yog, qib theem ntawm daim duab. Kho. Tom qab cov highlights thiab ntxoov ntxoo yog tsau, thiaj li ua kom pom tau qhov sib npaug nrog qhov qub, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov duab nrawm ntawm daim duab. Cia peb los soj ntsuam ntau txoj kev raws txoj cai.
1.2 ntau txoj kev txiav txim siab
Rau ib daim ntawv luam thawj thawj zaug, tom qab nws tau ua qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsaus, nws tseem tuaj yeem hloov nws lub zeem muag hierarchical kom hlob, nthuav lossis tuav lub suab nrov ntawm cov thawj tus thawj. Vim tias qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm tsawg dua qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, qib yuav tsum tau muab sib tov. Nyob hauv txoj kab lus nrawm, cov theem ntawm cov duab yog compressed, thiab theem ntawm qhov sib luag ntawm lwm thaj tsam ntxiv. Thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev txuas ntxiv yog ua kom luam tawm ze li sai tau rau qhov qub. Hauv cov ntawv thov, raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tseem ntsiab, cov theem tseem ceeb hauv daim duab uas tau muab luam tawm thiab kev nyuab siab tseem ceeb, thiab cov theem ob yuav raug pov tseg. Rau cov qauv tseem ceeb, qhov cheeb tsam tsawg tsawg muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 0.2-0.3D, cheeb tsam high-density yuav ncav cuag 2.1-2.9D, qhov siab tshaj qhov sib npaug sib piv tau txog 2.7D, xim zoo nkauj, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Cov highlights ntawm cov dluab zoo li no mus rau theem nruab nrab. Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Qee cov ntaub ntawv, xws li hmo ntuj ua yeeb yam thiab cov duab thaij duab rov qab, muaj qhov loj ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj thiab yog lub cev ntawm daim duab. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog uas tseem ceeb rau qhov tsaus ntuj. Hauv ntej, nws yuav tsum tau kho yam txawv raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus thawj, thiab yoog raws.
2. Kho cov duab xim
Kev luam ntawm xim yog hais txog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm cov xim txawv, kev sib kis thiab kev sib txuas lus. Txoj kev kho kom rov zoo nkauj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm. Nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev luam cov xim, nws yuav raug lub teeb pom kev xws li kev xa khoom, lens, xim lim thiab kev hloov duab ntxiv. Cov cwj pwm ntawm lub cev, cov khoom ntim, cov ntawv, kua cwj mem thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb, xim yuam kev yog kev tsis pom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev sib txuam ntawm cov qib theem thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm tus cwj pwm, uas muaj feem xyuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev luam ntawm xim, xim kev luam. Koj yuav tsum sim los kho cov xim yuam kev no kom ncav cuag cov xim tu noob.
2.1 Kev npaj ua ntej xim kho
Ua ntej, cov khoom siv khomob thiab kev kho kom raug yuav tsum tau ua. Cov cuab yeej xws li cov khoom siv roj ntsha, cov twj siv khoom, cov khoom siv tawm, thiab cov khoom siv pov thawj. Cov khoom no yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev tswj kom tiav ntawm cov khoom no. Cov kev daws teeb meem, cov no yog lub hauv paus rau peb kho cov xim. Ntawm no, peb yuav tsum them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom ntaus ntawv. Hauv kev ua duab, cov tsos kob ntawm daim duab yog cuab dua los ntawm cov zaub ua ntej luam ntawv. Cov zaub no yog nyob ntawm RGB hom, thiab qhov khoom kawg uas peb xav tau yog siv tus cwj mem los tig cov teeb meem ntawm daim ntawv. Nyob hauv CMYK hom, siv RGB cov duab siv los ua me nyuam cov duab CMYK yuav ua rau qhov zoo li cov xim, yog li qhov kev hloov dua siab tshiab (xim tswj system) hauv cov zaub yuav tsum yog, thiab lub teeb qhov tsis zoo thiab kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tau tswj tseg. Poj niam txiv neej, kom ua tau qhov screen thiab cov pov thawj raws li qhov zoo tau.
Qhov thib ob, yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ua ntej xim tawv. Vim hais tias raws li cov xim rendering mechanism, xim yog nthuav raws ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm grey nruab nrab, yog li cov xim kho yuav tsum tau ua tom qab theem pib kho. Txwv tsis pub, tom qab kho qhov xim tiav, cov xim yuav hloov thaum qib kho.
Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv hom twg hom xim twg, kev kho xim tawv puas tsim nyog. Hauv Photoshop, tsis hais seb tus duab no yog hom RGB lossis CMYK, lub suab nrov thiab xim tuaj yeem kho tau. Nyob rau hauv hom twg hom xim, kev kho yog txawv, thiab RGB xim qhov chaw siv. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev kho kom zoo dua yog qhov xim qhov gamut qhov chaw loj dua thiab xim qhov chaw ntawm cov lus yog tib yam, tab sis vim nws yuav tsum raug hloov mus rau CMYK chaw thaum siv rau cov zis luam tawm tom qab kho, qee cov xim tsis tau tso tawm kom pom hauv lub CMYK xim gamut. Ntawd yog, xim ntawm daim duab yog dhau ntawm cov xim xim gamut, hu ua khoob xim. Qhov zoo ntawm cov xim kho nyob rau hauv CMYK xim qhov chaw yog tias cov duab uas muab kho yog siv ncaj qha luam tawm tsis muaj xim pawv. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, vim tias CMYK qhov chaw xim yog xim xim uas haum rau neeg lub qhov muag pom, nws yooj yim rau kev txhawj txog cov xim thaum qhia tawm ib qho xim thiab nws cov kev hloov. Hauv view ntawm cov sib nrauj, daim duab yuav raug kho nyob rau hauv RGB xim chaw feem ntau, thiab ces tus CMYK xim chaw fine-tunes cov duab.
2.2 kev ntxub ntxaug kev ntxub ntxaum
Grey tshuav nyiaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho cov xim. Thaum peb cais kev hloov xim ntawm cov duab scanned, peb yuav tsum siv lub tswv yim ntawm gray tshuav nyiaj li cas. Yog tias peb paub lub hauv paus txheej txheem uas tsim nyog los ua kom tsis pub nruab nrab grey ntawm ntau lub ci ntsa iab, peb tuaj yeem siv lub nruab nrab hauv qhov qub. Qhov chaw grey xim kho. Hauv Photoshop, qhov ntsuas ceev (Info) siv los ntsuas cov xim hauv cov duab digital. Yog hais tias tus nqi yuav tsum tsis nruab nrab grey, tus nqi tsis yog tus nqi ntsuas grey, qhia tias cov duab muaj xim hloov, raws li qhov feem ntawm gray tshuav. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas qhia tau xim twg ntau dua thiab cov xim uas tsawg dua.
Lub diffuse highlight cheeb tsam nyob hauv daim duab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev soj ntsuam tsis nruab nrab grey. Lub cheeb tsam tseem ceeb tsis yog tag nrho nruab nrab grey, tab sis qhov kev tivthaiv grey yog ntau tshaj qhov sib txawv xim, yog li kos nws ntawm no. Txiav txim rau cov xim nrig, qhov kev npliag ntawm lub teeb ncej hais los saum no kuj pib ntawm no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau ntau yam kev paub hauv kev txiav txim rau xim xim sib txawv, xws li xim xim, zoo li xiav ntuj thiab cov huab dawb, qhov chaw ntsuab nyom, thiab lwm yam. Cov xim muaj kev nco tob hauv neeg lub siab. Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm cov duab neeg ua haujlwm, Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm CMYK rau cov xim. Qhov ntau dua koj nco qab, zoo dua uas koj tuaj yeem txiav txim rau xim ntawm daim duab.