Daws teeb meem thiab duab zoo
Peb yog ib lub tuam txhab luam ntawv loj hauv Shenzhen Tuam Tshoj. Peb muaj cov phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv xov xwm luam ntawv, phau ntawv luam ntawv, phau ntawv nyuaj, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, phau ntawv luam tawm, lub thawv ntim, daim qhia ntawv, txhua yam ntawm PVC, cov ntawv luam tawm, ntawv sau cia, hom tshwj xeeb ntawv xim luam tawm khoom, kev ua si cardand li ntawd.
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Dluab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv thiab yog lub ntsiab ntawm cov xov xwm loj. Dluab uas luam tawm tau luam tawm cov duab desktops tau raug rau hauv cov nram qab no: cov koob yees duab shooting, koos pis kiv cua, hauv online downloading, thiab ib qho uas siv thiab tseem ceeb heev uas yog luam los ntawm kev luam. Tsis muaj teeb meem uas peb tau txais cov duab, peb yuav tsum ua kom haum rau kev luam.
Daim ntawv no qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab cov duab zoo.
1. Sawv cev sawv cev
PPI (Pixei Per Ncej) yog pes tsawg tus pixels ib nti, uas yog pes tsawg pixels uas tau muab piv li ib nti ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Siv lub yees duab kom paub thiab ua tiav los ntawm lub computer, nws yuav tsum yog digitized, thiab cov pixel yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov duab digital. Txhua pixel yog ywj siab thiab muaj nws txoj haujlwm ruaj khov thiab muaj nqis. Lo lus pixel siv tau los piav txog ntau yam xwm txheej: ntau npaum li cas cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug tau los ntawm kev xa tshuaj ntaus ib nti (tswv yim los sis luam theej duab), tag nrho cov xov xwm hauv computer siv cov duab (duab daws teeb meem), thiab computer monitor tau Tus naj npawb ntawm tus kheej yauv thiab feem ntsug (kev daws teeb meem) tshwm sim ib txhij. Yog li no, kev daws teeb meem ntawm qee cov khoom siv tawm tswv yim (xws li kev luam khoom) feem ntau hais txog "PPI". Thaum koj pom "DPI" hauv kev luam theej duab, koj yuav tsum xav tias nws yog "PPI." Qhov no yog vim hais tias thaum piav txog cov duab digital, pixel yog lub hauv paus es tsis yog qhov point. Qhov no yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg.
DPI (Dot Per Inch) yog pes tsawg tus dots ib nti, uas yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas muab sau tau ib nti ntawm cov khoom tso tawm. Ntau cov ntawv xov xwm thiab qee qhov kev luam software interfaces tseem siv DPI los piav txog kev soj ntsuam kev tshuaj ntsuam lossis kev tawm tswv yim, tiam sis technically, pes tsawg tus dots ib nti yog siv los piav txog cov tswv yim ntaus ntawv, xws li inkjet printers, laser imagesetters, thiab PostSeript lasers. Qhov daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv.
LPI (Line Per Inch) yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov vijtsam, uas yog hais txog cov vev xaib ntawm ib nti. Cov txheej txheem luam ntawv yog ib txoj kev siv binary, uas yog siv txoj kev ntsuam xyuas los txhim kho ntau ntau xim tones thiab xim tones, kom cov duab tamsim no kho tau thaum kawg ntawm qhov loj (lossis qhov sib txawv) ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm.
2. Kev daws teeb meem
Kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub scanner faib rau kev kho qhov muag thiab kev daws teeb meem.
"Optical Resolution" yog hais txog qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav raug sam sim ua tau los ntawm kev kho qhov system ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Piv txwv, ib qho scanner uas txais tau cov duab nyoos txog 8.5 nti dav lawm muaj 5100-element them nqi-coupled ntaus array nrog rau siab tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev daws teeb meem ntawm 600 PPI (5100 / 8.5 = 600 PPI), uas taw tes pixel loj 1/600 nti. Qhov kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab tsim ntawm lub cuab yeej stepper nyob rau hauv qhov no. Tam sim no, ntau lub luam khoom muaj qhov daws teeb meem uas yog ob zaug rau txoj kev daws teeb meem. Lub CCD theem pib mechanism ntawm hom scanner no yuav siv cov "ib nrab kauj ruam" txoj kev, qhov ntawd yog, lub kauj ruam ua rau lub zog khiav deb ntawm ib nrab pixel ntawm ib lub sij hawm, thiab kev soj ntsuam scanner pixels thiab ua cov lej zauv. Feem ntau, tav toj txheej txheem nruab nrab yog thawj qhov muag tau pom ntawm qhov scanner.
"Interpolation Resolution" yog hais txog qhov kev daws teeb meem uas lub scanner tau txais raws li lub algorithm. Interpolation resolution tsis nce cov ntsiab lus tshiab ntawm daim duab. Thaum tus nqi ntawm cov duab nyob hauv ib qho me me, qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog kom rov muaj dua thiab sim tsis txhob siv qhov kev daws teeb meem.
Daim duab cov duab me me yog ncaj qha ntsig txog kev daws teeb meem. Qhov loj me me yog xam raws li: qhov loj me me (M) = ntev (nti) × dav (nti) × kev daws teeb meem 2 (DPI) × D / 8 × 1042. Tus nqi D ntawm qhov formula muaj feem xyuam nrog cov duab cia hom. Thaum twg daim duab yog kab dawb, D = 1; Thaum twg daim duab grayscale, D = 8; thaum twg daim duab yog RGB, D = 24; Thaum twg daim duab yog CMYK Thaum twg formatting, D = 32. Qee cov neeg yuam kev ntseeg tias qhov loj dua daim duab daws teeb meem, zoo dua. Nyob hauv qhov tseeb, kev sojntsuam kev siab dhau lawm yuav ua rau cov ntaub ntawv loj loj, uas yuav ua rau kom cov duab ua haujlwm nce ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zis muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov tso zis ntaus ntawv tsuas yog siv tau, yog tias tsis muaj kev txhuam xyuas kev daws teeb meem. Kev sojntsuam ntau dhau los kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov loj ntawm daim duab tso tawm ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob ntsuas ntawm ib qho kev tawm tswv yim feem ntau siab tshaj qhov siab tshaj plaws kho qhov daws teeb meem ntawm kev ntaus tshuaj. Kev lag luam nrog kev daws teeb meem yeej ua rau lub ntsej muag thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm daim duab. Yog li xaiv qhov zoo scanner los yog kev txuas ntxiv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tau ib cov duab zoo.
3. Tshuaj ntsuam (ntsuas)
Qee tus qauv tsim thiab cov neeg tsim tawm nyiam ib txwm nyiam los tso saib cov duab ntawm qhov screen ntawm ib feem ntawm 100%. Yog tias koj pom tau tias cov duab tsis meej txaus, koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem txaus los yog meej. Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog hais txog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm lub computer screen ntawm ib zaug (piv txwv li, 640 × 480 pixels, 800 × 600 pixels) los yog pes tsawg tus pixels tso tawm ib nti ntawm cov duab nyob hauv txoj kev taw qhia (piv txwv, 72 PPI los yog 96 PPI), cov lus Qhov kev daws teeb meem tsuas cuam tshuam cov kev yooj yim ntawm tus neeg siv thaum ua cov duab, thiab tsis cuam tshuam qhov tsim tawm ntawm daim duab. Qhov loj ntawm lub pixels ntawm cov lus yog tsau. Qhov no txawv ntawm kev ntaus tshuaj. Cov lus qhia txog tag nrho cov duab pixels ntawm txhua tus duab hauv pixel loj tas. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm daim tseem yog luam ntawm kev sib txawv. Lub resulting duab yog tau. Qhov loj pom ntawm cov zaub yog txawv. Tus duab scanned ntawm 350 DPI qhov tseeb tau tso tawm kom pom ntawm cov zaub nrog qhov luaj li 100% ntawm daim duab loj npaum li cas ntawm 350/72, nws yog kwv yees li 5 npaug me me. Yog tias koj tau xaiv ib qho kev tshuaj zoo los yog txuas ntxiv, koj tsis tas txhawj txog nws.
4. Txiav cov khoom ntaus tawm
Cov lus tso tawm cov lus tso tawm yog kev daws teeb meem xws li laser imagesetter los yog tshuab luam ntawv, thiab tseem muaj npe los ntawm DPI. Piv txwv, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab dub thiab dawb tuaj yeem ncav cuag 600DPI, thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub cav plaub hau yuav mus txog 3386DPI thiab ntxiv rau. Nyob hauv qhov tseeb, luam tsab qauv, cov xov tooj ntawm cov npo, thiab kev daws teeb meem ntxiv ntxiv los txiav txim txog qhov kawg ntawm daim duab.
5. Yam muaj feem xyuam rau kev xaiv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev ua tiav
Yog tias tus thawj tseem yuav muab luam tawm los ntawm kev luam tawm, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv thiab phim qhov kev daws teeb meem, tus naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam, thiab kev daws teeb meem. Wb tham txog yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj kev daws teeb meem rau cov phau ntawv sau ntau, kev tsim, luam tawm, thiab luam ntawv.
Nruam cov kev hloov kho duab
Yog tsis muaj cov tswv yim daws teeb meem rau tag nrho cov duab thaum lub sij hawm luam theej duab, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev xaav yog kom tau txais cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau tso tawm. Vim li no, ntau yam kev sojntsuam yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov kev cai thiab cov tseev kom muaj.
1 ntsuas kev daws teeb meem thiab naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam
Cov xov tooj ntawm cov vijtsam feem ntau yog sib npaug ntawm cov duab ntawm cov duab, uas yog, txhua pixel ntawm cov duab digital yog cov zis rau zaj duab xis, tab sis cov kev cai saum toj no tsuas yog siv rau txoj kev ntsuas thiab txoj kab ntsug (ie, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub network kab yog 0 lossis 90 degrees). Thaum lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub network cable tsis sib npaug zos li 0 los sis 90 degrees, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov pixel tsis txaus, qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo tagnrho 45 degrees: piv txwv tias tias cov duab digital yog 10 pixels nyob rau ntawm txoj kev qhia ntsug thiab kab rov tav, yog L, Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog R = 10 / L. Thaum lub kaum ntse ntse sab npab 45 degrees, tus kab pheeb ces kaum ntev yog 1.414L, thiab cov pixels yog 10 hauv qhov ntev. Qhov kev daws teeb meem yog 10 / 1.414L = 0.707 (10 / L) = 0.707R. Obviously, thaum lub kaum ntse ntse lub kaum sab xis 45 degree, qhov duab daws teeb meem tsis txaus rau ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum, ces daim duab daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau nce los 1.414 zaug (li 1.5 npaug) tsis hais tus duab xim los yog xim duab. Tus txheej txheem kev luam duab feem ntau yog siv 2 x magnification, uas yog hu ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov kev daws teeb meem scan tau hais tawm los ntawm cov qauv nram qab no:
Scan Resolution (DPI) = Lines Screen (LPI) × 2 × Image Magnification (Qhov ua ntej rau cov mis no yog qhov kho qhov daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob txaus).
Piv txwv, thaum koj siv 175LPI luam ntawv, yog hais tias lub magnification 4 zaug, qhov kev daws teeb meem yog: 175 × 2 × 4 = 1400 PPI.
2 tso zis ntaus kev daws teeb meem thiab naj npawb ntawm cov vev xaib
Ntau dua tus naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam kabmob, qhov nyiaj finer duab thiab qhov zoo dua qhov qub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xov tooj ntawm cov npo yuav tsum tsis txhob siab heev, txwv tsis pub tus muab tshuaj txhuam yuav raug txo los ntawm qhov nthuav ntawm cov dots thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv los yog cov pov thawj, tab sis qhov yuav raug txo. Yog li, tus naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li daim ntawv siv luam tawm, lub sijhawm ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv, thiab cov txheej txheem.
Cov duab thaij duab ua ke muab faib ua ib qho duab rau hauv ntau lub me me ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib qho screen, ua kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, thiab thaum kawg cov ntaub ntawv muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv me me. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tshuab siv hom kev sib txawv. Daim duab nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawv txais cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov kev tso zis thiab ntsuam xyuas tshuab. Daim duab nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawv yog muab sib piv los ntawm cov lus tso tawm thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov vev xaib kom tsim cov duab zoo li duab. Daim phiaj teev daim phiaj duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm daim phiaj, thaum ua txhua teev, yog tswj los ntawm qhov tso tawm ntawm cov khoom tso tawm (laser imagesetter) kom sau seb qhov nqaij ntawd nyob rau ntawm txhua lub cell hauv daim phiaj duab matrix.
Qhov sibtham hauv daim phiaj yog lub teeb matrix uas muaj ntau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov yeeb yam, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1 yog 3 × 3 dot matrix, uas yog li ntawm 9 cov khoom tshwm. Seb cov dots nyob rau hauv cov duab matrix yog nyob ntawm qhov nuj nqis ntawm pixels hauv cov duab digital. Vim hais tias tus taw tes tsuas muaj ob lub xeev raug thiab tsis muaj qhov raug, qhov ntawd yog, txhua qhov taw qhia tau tsuas yog qhia tau ob qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim dub thiab dawb. Li ntawd, 3 × 3 dot matrix tsuas tuaj yeem sawv cev 9 + 1 + 10 qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug (nrog rau cov ntsiab lus uas tsis muaj teeb meem).
Yuav kom ntxiv cov zauv ntawm cov duab tso zis, nws tsim nyog los nce qhov dimensionality ntawm lub lattice (n × n order lattice, n yog hu ua dimension), ces tus grey qib N yuav muab tau los ntawm cov nram qab no formula: N = n × n.
Vim hais tias cov zis muaj kev sib kho los yog muab faib ua ntau ntau, qhov luaj li cas ntawm daim phiaj kab ntawv nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus npo: n = cov zis tawm cov teeb meem / cov xov tooj ntawm cov vijtsam. Piv txwv, nyob rau ntawm tus tso zis ntawm 3386DPI, siv cov xov tooj ntawm 175LPI, tus naj npawb ntawm cov grey qib generated yog: grey qib = (3386/175) 2, nws yog 361 gray nplai, uas tuaj yeem ntsib cov theem siab . Yuav tsum tau ua.
Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv saum toj no hais tias thaum daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom tso tawm tas li, tus naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam yog khwv yees rau pes tsawg tus grey, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov vijtsam yog khwv yees rau pes tsawg tus grey. Thaum lub xov tooj ntawm cov npo xav tau, cov teeb meem me me, thiab cov theem ntawm cov khoom luam tawm ntau ntau, tab sis qhov teeb duab ntawm qhov dot yog qhov txo tsawg, thiab cov theem ntawm cov ntawv luam yuav raug txo; Thaum tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab hauv kev lag luam raug txo, cov dots loj tuaj, thiab cov duab loj dua. Txheeb txhim kho, tab sis cov duab matrix nce, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm grayscales hauv phau ntawv nce. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom zoo siab, cov nplaum loj loj thiab cov vijtsam loj siv, thiab cov khoom siv zis siab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
6. Luam cov xwm txheej thiab kev xaiv kev daws teeb meem
Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, ntau dua cov xov tooj ntawm cov npo, qhov finer cov dots, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntau ntxiv uas muaj kev cuam tshuam cov duab. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov ntawv luam tawm, nws nyuaj rau luam tawm thaum lub xov tooj ntawm cov npo tshaj 200 LPI, thiab cov ntawv nplua zoo, cov cwj mem zoo, thiab PS daim phaj siab yuav tsum siv. Piv txwv, thaum lub xov tooj ntawm cov vijtsam siab dhau heev lawm thiab luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv ntxhib, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tshwm sim: Ua ntej, hauv cheeb tsam siab ntawm daim duab, tus cwj mem tsis tuaj yeem luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv vim hais tias cov dots yog tsawg, thiab cov duab poob ntawm qib ob, vim tias muaj ntau ntxiv ntawm tus number case absorbed los ntawm daim ntawv ntxhib, cov teeb uas sib sib txawv uas tsaus nti raug tsis meej pem thiab qhov tsaus ntuj nti theem poob. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov kev xaiv ntawm tus naj npawb tsim nyog yuav tsum txiav txim siab raws li cov cuab yeej, cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem siv los luam tawm.